Table A1.

Racial/ethnic and socioeconomic characteristics of samples in prior trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy randomized controlled trials

Study	Sociodemographic characteristics reported	N	Country	Race & Ethnicity (n/%)	Socioeconomic Status (SES)
(Deblinger, Lippmann, & Steer, 1996)	Race/ethnicity	90	USA	Caucasian = 72% African American = 20% Hispanic = 6% Other = 2%
(Cohen & Mannarino, 1996)	Race and Hollingshead Index of Socioeconomic Status, Parental occupation onlya	67	USA	Caucasian = 54% African-American = 42% Other = 4%	Mean Hollingshead = IV (out of 9)
(Cohen & Mannarino, 1998)	Race/ethnicity and Hollingshead Index of Socioeconomic Statusa	49	USA	Caucasian = 59 African American = 37 Hispanic = 2 Biracial = 2	Hollingshead Index: Range = 22-69 Mean = 46.77
(King et al., 2000)	Parental occupationb	36	Australia		Australian Index of Occupation: Mean = 6.08/9
(Deblinger, Stauffer, & Steer, 2001)	Race/ethnicity and total annual household income	44	USA	White = 28 (64%) Black = 9 (21%) Hispanic = 1 (2%) Other = 6 (14%)	Total annual household income: > $20,000 = 24 (55%) =< $20,000 = 20 (45%)
(Cohen, Deblinger, Mannarino, & Steer, 2004)	Race/ethnicity and family annual income	203	USA	Caucasian = 122 (60%) African American = 56 (28%) Hispanic American = 9 (4%) Biracial = 14 (7%) Other = 2 (1%)	Family annual income: < $25,000 = 99 (52%) > 25,000 = 90 (48%)
(Cohen, Mannarino, Perel, & Staron, 2007)	Race	22	USA	White = 17 (77.3%) African American = 5 (22.7%)
(Jaycox et al., 2010)	Race and participation in free/reduced lunch program (in three schools)c	Total N = 1,215 School 1, n = 158 School 2, n = 796 School 3, n = 261	USA	School 1 African American = 74% School 2, Caucasian = 90% School 3 African American = 97%	School 1 = 75% School 2 = 11% School 3 = 80%
(Cohen, Mannarino, & Iyengar, 2011)	Race	124	USA	White = 69 (55.6%) Black = 41 (33.1%) Biracial = 14 (11.3%)
(Deblinger, Mannarino, Cohen, Runyon, & Steer, 2011)	Race/ethnicity and parental employment status	179	USA	Caucasian = 65% African American = 14% Hispanic = 7% Other = 14%	Parent employed either full-or part-time = 60%
(O’Callaghan et al., 2013)	Not reported	52	Democratic Republic of Congo
(McMullen, O’callaghan, Shannon, Black, & Eakin, 2013)	Not reported	50	Democratic Republic of Congo
(Dorsey et al., 2014)	Race	47	USA	Multiracial = 25 (53.2%) Caucasian = 11 (23.4%) African American = 9 (19.1%) Native American = 1 (2.1%) Asian = 1 (2.1%)
(Jensen et al., 2014)	Race/ethnicity and mean annual household income in U.S. Dollarsd	156	Norway	Norwegian = 115 (73.7%) Asian = 17 (10.9%) One parent Norwegian = 13 (8.3) Western European countries = 2 (1.3%) Eastern European countries = 2 (1.3%) African countries = 3 (1.9%) South/Central American countries = 2 (1.3%) Nordic countries = 1 (0.6%) Other = 1 (0.6%)	Mean annual household income in USD: <$35,000 = 20 (15.6%) [$35,000, $87,000) = 49 (38.3%) [$87,000, $174,000) = 38 (29.7%) ≥ $174,000 = 9 (7.0%) Do not know = 12 (9.4%)
(O’Donnell et al., 2014)	No Race/ethnicity or SES Available	64	Tanzania
(Webb, Hayes, Grasso, Laurenceau, & Deblinger, 2014)	Race/ethnicity and median annual household income	72	USA	White = 46% African-American = 40% Hispanic/Latino = 10% Biracial = 4%	Median annual household income = $37,085
(Diehle, Opmeer, Boer, Mannarino, & Lindauer, 2015)	Ethnicity	48	The Netherlands	Dutch ethnicity = 73 (77%)
(Murray et al., 2015)	Ethnicity	257	Zambia	Ngoni = 55 Bemba = 81 Other = 119
(Cohen et al., 2016)	Race/ethnicity	81	USA	Caucasian = 48 Black = 6 American Indian = 4 Pacific Islander = 3 Asian = 1 Unreported = 27 Hispanic/Latino= 7
(Goldbeck, Muche, Sachser, Tutus, & Rosner, 2016)	Country of birth and parental education	159	Germany	Country of birth: German native = 143 (89.9) Non-German native = 11 (6.9) Missing information = 5 (3.1)	Parental education: < 9 years’ schooling = 4 (2.5%) 9-11 years’ schooling = 82 (51.6%) >= 12 years’ schooling = 39 (24.5%) Missing information = 34 (21.4%)
(Salloum et al., 2016)	Race/ethnicity, household income and parent employment status	53	USA	Ethnicity: Hispanic/Latino = 24 Not Hispanic = 29 Race: American Indian/Alaskan Native = 1 African American = 14 White = 34 Mixed Race = 4	Household income: $0-9,999 = 12 $10,000 -24,999 = 14 $25,000-34,999 = 12 $35,000 – 49,999 = 4 $50,000+ = 11 Parent/Guardian employed = 32
(Salloum et al., 2017)	Race/ethnicity and parent household income	33	USA	Ethnicity: Hispanic/Latino = 9 (27.3) Not Hispanic/Latino = 24 (72.7) Race: African American = 7 (21.2) White = 26 (78.8)	Parental household income: $0-$9,999 = 8 (24.2%) $10,000 - $24,999 = 5 (15.2%) $25,000 - $34,999 = 4 (12.1%) $35,000 - $49,999 = 6 (18.2%) $50,000 and above = 10 (30.3%)
(Love & Fox, 2019)	Race/ethnicity and parental Educatione	32	USA	African American: 31.3% Multiracial: 34.4% Latina/o: 21.9% European American: 12.5%	Mother finished 12th grade: 84.0% Father finished 12th grade: 76.5%

Note. Studies were only included if they were the main/first publication of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluating the efficacy or effectiveness of TF-CBT. We did not include follow-up studies of the same RCT.

^aSocioeconomic rating from (Hollingshead, 1975). Raw scores range from 8 to 66, with higher scores reflecting higher SES. Range listed by article may be a typo. Parental occupation index classifies jobs along a spectrum from I-IX, with jobs increasing in income and prestige.

^bSocioeconomic rating derived from (Castles, 1990).

^cThose with incomes between 130 percent and 185 percent of the poverty level are eligible for reduced-price meals.

^dMean household income in Norway for 2010 was $75,000 USD.

^eFamilies explicitly recruited based on the fact that family received public assistance, indicating that the household income was below the federal poverty level.