Table 2.
Characteristics of Subjects According to Pathogen Status. Overall characteristics of children with a confirmed viral or bacterial infection. For each category, N (%) are shown. For variables with statistically significant differences between children with viral and bacterial infections, results are in italics with P-values reported.
| Bacterial | Viral | OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | |||
| 57 days - <1 year | 1 (4) | 1 (3) | reference |
| 1 year - < 5 years | 6 (21) | 17 (45) | 2.8 (−2.3, 4.4) |
| 5 years - <13 years | 12 (43) | 11 (29) | 0.9 (−3.4, 3.2) |
| ≥ 13 years | 9 (32) | 9 (24) | 1.0 (−3.3, 3.3) |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 14 (50) | 22 (58) | 1.4 (−0.7, 1.3) |
| Race/Ethnicity | |||
| Black/African American | 5 (18) | 8 (21) | reference |
| Non-Hispanic White | 14 (50) | 19 (50) | 0.9 (1.5, 1.1) |
| Hispanic | 4 (14) | 4 (11) | 0.6 (−2.3, 1.3) |
| Asian | 3 (11) | 4 (11) | 0.8 (−2.1, 1.8) |
| Missing | 2 (7) | 3 (8) | |
| Payor | |||
| Medicaid | 8 (29) | 20 (53) | reference |
| Private | 18 (64) | 18 (47) | 0.4 (−2.0,0.1) |
| Self-pay | 1 (4) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Any Complex Chronic Condition | 15 (54) | 19 (50) | 0.9 (−1.1, 0.8) |
| Malignancy | 2 (7) | 4 (11) | 1.5 (−1.3, 2.5) |
| Hematologic/Immune | 4 (14) | 5 (13) | 0.9 (−1.5, 1.4) |
| Respiratory | 2 (7) | 2 (5) | 0.7 (−2.5, 1.9) |
| Gastrointestinal | 2 (7) | 2 (5) | 0.7 (−2.5, 1.9) |
| Metabolic | 5 (18) | 2 (5) | 0.3 (−3.4, 0.3) |
| Neuromuscular | 8 (29) | 7 (18) | 0.6 (−1.8,0.6) |
| Cardiovascular | 2 (7) | 4 (11) | 1.5 (−1.3,2.5) |
| Renal | 4 (14) | 1 (3) | 0.2 (−4.8, 0.2) |
| Other Congenital | 1 (4) | 5 (13) | 4.1 (−0.5, 4.4) |
| Laboratory Test Results | |||
| WBC > 15 | 7 (25) | 4 (11) | 0.3 (−2.5, 0.4) |
| Platelet < 100 | 11 (39) | 11 (29) | 1.6 (−0.5, 1.7) |
| Lactate > 4 | 1 (4) | 3 (8) | 2.3 (−1.3, 3.9) |
| CRP > 3 | 21 (75) | 16 (42) | 0.2 (−3.2, −0.7) |
| Procalcitonin > 0.5 | 17 (61) | 21 (55) | 0.5 (−2.0, 0.5) |
| Invasive Ventilation | 4 (14) | 1 (3) | 0.2 (−4.8, 0.2) |
| PICU Admission | 18 (64) | 20 (53) | 0.4 (−1.5,0.5) |
| Shock Severity | |||
| No shock | 17 (61) | 28 (74) | reference |
| Fluid responsive | 9 (32) | 10 (26) | 0.7 (−1.5,0.7) |
| Vasopressor responsive | 2 (7) | 0 (0) | NA |
PICU: pediatric intensive care unit