Table 1.
Summary of pulmonary oil microembolism adverse events
| Case | Event year | Age, y | Event injection number | Event description as reported | Onset of POME event after injection, min | Duration of POME event, min | Medical intervention | Outcome of event |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2014 | NR | 1 | POME | NR | 120 | Yes, oxygen and steroid therapy in the office | NR |
| 2 | 2014 | 52 | 2 | 1) Cough | 0∗ | 20 | No | Recovered/resolved |
| 2) Sweat | ||||||||
| 3) Dizziness | ||||||||
| 3 | 2014 | 51 | 2 | POME with coughing fit and sweating | 1 | 2–3 | No | Recovered/resolved |
| 4 | 2014 | 55 | 3 | Coughing fits, uncontrollable coughing attacks | >30 | NR | NR | NR |
| 5 | 2014 | NR | 3† | Coughed a couple of times | 2 | 4 | No | Recovered/resolved |
| 6 | 2015 | NR | 4 | Coughing during an injection; urge to cough | <2 | 120–180 | No | Recovered/resolved |
| 7 | 2015 | 62 | 4 | Bad cough after leaving HCP office | NR | NR | No | NR |
| 8 | 2015 | 45 | 2 | POME | 0 | 60 | No | Recovered/resolved |
| 9 | 2015 | 53 | 2 | 1) Hard time breathing especially at night when trying to sleep | NR | NR | NR | Not recovered/resolved |
| 2) Nonstop coughing | ||||||||
| 10 | 2015 | 52 | 2 | 1) Felt tingling in mouth/pins in mouth sensation | 0∗ | 30 | No | Recovered/resolved |
| 2) Urge to cough | ||||||||
| 3) Began to sweat | ||||||||
| 4) Possible POME | ||||||||
| 11 | 2015 | 48 | 2 | Coughing immediately postinjection | <1 | 10 | No | Recovered/resolved |
| 12 | 2016 | NR | NR | Coughing postinjection | NR | NR | NR | Recovered/resolved |
| 13 | 2016 | 33 | 10 or 11 | Few minutes postinjection experienced a cough | Few | NR | Yes, ED visit | Recovered/resolved |
| 14 | 2016 | NR | NR | Possible POME | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| 15 | 2016 | 41 | NR | 1) Hemoptysis | NR | 10 | Yes | Resolved/subsequent mortality |
| 2) Coughing | ||||||||
| 16 | 2017 | NR | 4 | Dry cough | 0 | 5 | No | Recovered/resolved |
| 17 | 2017 | NR | NR‡ | Dry cough | 25 | 30 | No | Recovered/resolved |
| 18 | 2017 | 47 | 9 | POME | <1 | 5 | No | Recovered/resolved |
| 19 | 2017 | NR | 4 | Coughing constantly | 0 | 10 | No | Recovered/resolved |
| 20 | 2017 | 62 | 3 | Microembolism | <1 | NR | Yes, ED visit | Recovered/resolved |
| 21 | 2017 | 48 | 7 | 1) Difficulty breathing and catching breath | 15 | 60 | Yes, “supportive measures” in the office | Recovered/resolved |
| 2) Chest tightness | ||||||||
| 22 | 2017 | 35 | 7 | 1) Sensation to cough | NR | “A couple” | No | Recovered/resolved |
| 2) Flushed | ||||||||
| 23 | 2018 | 67 | 1 | 1) Coughing | 0 | 10 | Yes, oxygen in office | Recovered/resolved |
| 2) Clammy | ||||||||
| 24 | 2018 | 75 | NR | Slight cough at the end of injection procedure and a more aggressive cough postinjection | NR | NR | NR | Recovered/resolved |
| 25 | 2018 | 47 | NR | POME (shortness of breath and asthma-like symptoms) | 15 | NR | Yes, ED visit | Recovered/resolved |
| 26 | 2018 | NR | 2 | POME after receiving second injection (coughing, red eyes, diaphoresis) | 30 | NR | Yes, ED visit | NR |
| 27 | NR | NR | NR | POME | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| 28 | NR | 46 | 6 | Coughed for 4–5 minutes | 0∗ | 4–5 | No | Recovered/resolved |
ED = emergency department; HCP = health-care provider; NR = not reported; POME = pulmonary oil microembolism.
∗
During injection; other “0” values represent onset of symptoms immediately after injection completion.
†
Patient had 1 additional injection with no symptoms.
‡
Patient had multiple injections with no symptoms.