Table 3.

Clinical biochemistry parameters (mean ± SD) in the serum of male and female Wistar Han RCC rats in the 90-day feeding trial with GM maize NK603 at an inclusion rate of 11 and 33% in the diet¹

Parameter	33% Control	11% NK603	33% NK603	11% NK603 + Roundup	33% NK603 + Roundup
Male rats
ALP (µkat/L)	1.25 ± 0.14	1.28 ± 0.18	1.27 ± 0.14	1.25 ± 0.13	1.44 ± 0.19*
ALT (µkat/L)	0.56 ± 0.04	0.57 ± 0.06	0.55 ± 0.08	0.50 ± 0.06*	0.56 ± 0.08
AST (µkat/L)	2.40 ± 0.60	2.30 ± 0.47	2.23 ± 0.36	2.12 ± 0.38	2.22 ± 0.45
ALB (g/L)	36.4 ± 0.81	36.6 ± 1.77	36.9 ± 0.79	37.8 ± 0.99*	36.4 ± 1.30
TP (g/L)	64.4 ± 1.13	65.1 ± 2.32	65.0 ± 1.08	66.2 ± 1.66*	64.6 ± 1.36
GLU (mmol/L)	5.38 ± 0.85	5.34 ± 0.82	5.02 ± 0.69	5.15 ± 0.36	5.49 ± 0.53
CHOL (mmol/L)	2.05 ± 0.23	2.01 ± 0.27	2.02 ± 0.22	1.94 ± 0.19	2.04 ± 0.17
TAG (mmol/L)	1.02 ± 0.25	1.10 ± 0.14	1.05 ± 0.33	1.03 ± 0.31	1.09 ± 0.39
CREA (mmol/L)	40.1 ± 2.09	41.5 ± 4.78	40.8 ± 3.61	43.8 ± 4.66*	41.9 ± 4.15
UREA (mmol/L)	5.13 ± 0.32	4.90 ± 0.55	4.99 ± 0.28	4.88 ± 0.43	4.96 ± 0.50
Ca (mmol/L)	2.40 ± 0.04	2.40 ± 0.03	2.41 ± 0.06	2.41 ± 0.05	2.39 ± 0.04
Cl (mmol/L)	102 ± 1.33	102 ± 1.19	102 ± 1.03	102 ± 0.70	102 ± 1.22
K (mmol/L)	4.99 ± 0.23	5.09 ± 0.37	5.25 ± 0.20*	5.22 ± 0.31*	5.11 ± 0.24
Na (mmol/L)	145 ± 1.65	145 ± 1.46	145 ± 1.16	146 ± 1.12	145 ± 1.39
P (mmol/L)	2.37 ± 0.31	2.44 ± 0.19	2.50 ± 0.15	2.41 ± 0.16	2.31 ± 0.18
Female rats
ALP (µkat/L)	0.58 ± 0.14	0.58 ± 0.06	0.65 ± 0.07	0.58 ± 0.07	0.58 ± 0.10
ALT (µkat/L)	0.47 ± 0.06	0.42 ± 0.04	0.53 ± 0.12	0.45 ± 0.13	0.42 ± 0.08
AST (µkat/L)	2.30 ± 0.67	2.22 ± 0.34	2.33 ± 0.25	2.21 ± 0.53	2.37 ± 0.44
ALB (g/L)	42.5 ± 3.53	41.5 ± 2.48	44.6 ± 2.71	44.1 ± 2.64	43.9 ± 2.84
TP (g/L)	68.7 ± 3.38	67.2 ± 2.90	71.0 ± 2.55	70.9 ± 2.41	70.5 ± 2.97
GLU (mmol/L)	5.19 ± 0.35	5.12 ± 1.18	4.40 ± 0.68*	5.05 ± 1.12	5.62 ± 1.03
CHOL (mmol/L)	1.91 ± 0.21	2.05 ± 0.28	2.01 ± 0.28	2.00 ± 0.25	1.99 ± 0.34
TAG (mmol/L)	0.52 ± 0.13	0.62 ± 0.20	0.65 ± 0.09*	0.60 ± 0.12	0.50 ± 0.39
CREA (mmol/L)	40.9 ± 2.43	42.0 ± 2.84	42.9 ± 3.98	40.8 ± 5.06	41.9 ± 5.67
UREA (mmol/L)	5.86 ± 0.35	5.94 ± 0.85	5.32 ± 0.67	5.29 ± 0.64	5.59 ± 0.57
Ca (mmol/L)	2.47 ± 0.07	2.45 ± 0.04	2.49 ± 0.04	2.50 ± 0.05	2.49 ± 0.05
Cl (mmol/L)	102 ± 1.03	102 ± 1.54	101 ± 1.06*	102 ± 1.15	102 ± 1.88
K (mmol/L)	4.45 ± 0.22	4.46 ± 0.20	4.52 ± 0.29	4.54 ± 0.21	4.70 ± 0.33
Na (mmol/L)	145 ± 1.94	144 ± 1.22	145 ± 1.16	145 ± 1.79	145 ± 2.68
P (mmol/L)	2.04 ± 0.23	1.96 ± 0.23	2.15 ± 0.36	1.93 ± 0.21	1.96 ± 0.22

Eight cages/group, two rats/cage

*Statistically significant difference to the control value based on the 95% confidence interval