Table I. Summary of high-content functional protein microarrays.
| Organism/Protein classification | Protein No. | Coverage | Expression system | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Purified proteome microarray | ||||
| Homo sapiensa | 21,000 | 81% | S. cerevisiae | (11, 12) |
| S. cerevisiae | 5800 | 80% | S. cerevisiae | (3) |
| E. coli K12 | 4256 | 90% | E. coli | (8) |
| Arabidopsis thaliana | 15,000 | 56% | N. benthamiana | (9, 10) |
| M. tuberculosis | 4262 | 95% | S. cerevisiae | (7) |
| Coronavirus | 82 | 75% | S. cerevisiae | (4) |
| Epstein-Barr virus | 60 | 66% | S. cerevisiae | (6) |
| Zika and dengue viruses | 48 | 86% | S. cerevisiae | (5) |
| Herpes simplex virus-1/2 | 72 | 50% | E. coli | (94) |
| Purified protein family microarray | ||||
| G protein-coupled receptors | 315 | 84% | Mammalian cell lines | (14) |
| Membrane and secrete proteinsb | 505/1121 | <19% | E. coli | (15) |
| Influenza (HA antigens) | 283 | NA | Baculovirus or human cell | (16, 17) |
| HIV (gp120 and gp140) | 10 | NA | Mammalian or insect cell | (18) |
| Purified protein domain microarray | ||||
| Protein domains | ∼400 | NA | E. coli | (20, 111) |
| Protein epitope signature tags | 21,120 | NA | E. coli | (21, 22) |
| Consensus sequencec | 44 | NA | E. coli | (23) |
| Cell-free protein/peptide microarray | ||||
| Various pathogen antigensd | 100–7500 | 10–90% | In vitro expression | (24, 25) |
| Nucleic acid programmable | ∼10,000 | NA | In vitro expression | (26–28) |
aCommercialized with the trademark HuProtTM by CDI Laboratories and expended to >21,000 proteins in version 4.
bThe authors select proteins for expression based on a secretion signal peptide or at least one transmembrane domain. They express 505 proteins in full-length and 1121 protein fragments.
cDesigned 44 consensus coding sequences from 3,604 different dengue strains.
dPathogens included: Borrelia burgdorferi, Coxiella burnetiid, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Schistosoma japonicum, Chlamydia trachomatis, Bartonella henselae, Brucella melitensis, Hookworm Necator americanus, Leptospira interrogans, Plasmodium vivax, Schistosoma mansoni, Francisella tularensis, Toxoplasma gondii, Cytauxzoon felis, Plasmodium falciparum, Candida albicans, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Salmonella enterica Typhi, Human papillomaviruses, and herpes simplex viruses 1&2.