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. 2020 May 25;11:1032. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01032

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Copyright © 2020 Hernandez-Valdes, Solopova and Kuipers.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Quantification of pyruvate metabolites (2-acetolactate and acetoin) in L. lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis strains. (A) 2-acetolactate can be converted into diacetyl and acetoin; diacetyl can be reduced into acetoin. (B,C) concentration of 2-acetolactate (plot with bars in green) and acetoin (plot with bars in blue) in bacterial supernatants, respectively. Concentrations of the compounds were obtained at three different incubation times (light color to dark color; 9, 20, and 28 h). The L. lactis subsp. cremoris MG1363 was included in this analysis as a control strains. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Error bars represent standard deviation (SD) of the mean values of three independent experiments (see section “Materials and Methods”).