. 2020 May 25;11:618. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00618

TABLE 1.

Statistical analysis of the effects of clonal fragmentation, nutrient availability, and population density on final total mass, frond mass, root mass, and ramet number of Spirodela polyrhiza.

Effect	df	Total mass	Frond mass	Root mass	Ramet number
Fragmentation (F)	1,72	13.07**	12.09**	9.08**	8.01**
Nutrients (N)	1,72	289.96***	293.91***	23.61***	262.64***
Density (D)	2,72	212.04***	198.92***	115.60***	464.14***
F × N	1,72	4.75*	4.48*	2.23^ns	0.71^ns
F × D	2,72	3.48*	3.25*	2.28^ns	0.04^ns
N × D	2,72	115.93***	114.54***	22.36***	26.88***
F × N × D	2,72	2.42^ns	2.26^ns	1.40^ns	0.61^ns

Values of mass and ramet number per container were divided by the number of parent (initial) ramets (i.e., 1, 4, or 16) before analysis. The given are F values, degree of freedom (df) and significance levels (*** P < 0.001,** P < 0.01,* P < 0.05, and ^nsP ≥ 0.05) of three-way ANOVA.