TABLE 1.

Summary of protein- and peptide-based virus inactivators.

Name	Sequence	Target	EC50* (virus tested)	Reference
HIV inactivators
sCD4	Extracellular D1–D4 or D1D2 domain	gp120 CD4bs	153 and 297 nM (HIV-1 IIIB and Bal, respectively)	Deen et al., 1988; Traunecker et al., 1988; Daar et al., 1990; Orloff et al., 1993
2DLT	D1D2 domain-L35-T1144	gp120 CD4bs + gp41 PFI	17.3–78.6 nM (multiple HIV-1 strains)	Lu et al., 2012
2Dm2m/4Dm2m	2 or 4 mD1.22 with 2 m36.4	gp120 CD4bs + CoRbs	0.3–1.1 nM (HIV-1 IIIB)	Chen et al., 2014; Qi et al., 2017
Triazole KR13	Modified peptide derived from 12p1 (RINNIPWSEAMM)	gp120 CD4bs + CoRbs	0.5–25.6 μM (multiple HIV-1 strains)	Bastian et al., 2011, 2013
DAVEI	CVN + gp41 MPER	gp120 glycan sites + gp41	28.3 nM (HIV-1 Bal.01 pseudovirus)	Parajuli et al., 2018
Influenza virus inactivators
Urumin	IPLRGAFINGRWDSQCHRFSNGAIACA	H1 HA conserved stem	HNBD#	Holthausen et al., 2017
ZIKV inactivators
DN59	E protein stem (aa 692–724): MAILDDTAWDFGSLGGVFTSIGKALHQ VFGAIY	DENV lipid membrane	4.8 μM (DENV-2)	Schmidt et al., 2010a, b; Lok et al., 2012
Z2	E protein stem (aa 421–453): MAVLGDTAWDFGSVGGALNSLGKGIH QIFGAAF	ZIKV lipid membrane	2.52 μM	Yu et al., 2017
HSV inactivators
gB94	gB ectodomain (aa 496–510): KTTSSIEFARLQFTY	HSV-1	125 μM	Akkarawongsa et al., 2009
gB122	gB ectodomain (aa 636–650): GHRRYFTFGGGYVYF	HSV-1 and 2	118 μM	Akkarawongsa et al., 2009
U-1	CRS on gB surface (aa 224–243): HRDDHETDMELKPANAATRT	HSV-1 and 2	HNBD#	Cetina-Corona et al., 2016
U-2	CRS on gB surface (aa 413–432): CIGKDARDAMDRIFARRYNA	HSV-1 and 2	HNBD#	Cetina-Corona et al., 2016
CB-1	CRS on gH surface (aa 609–626): QATRSETPVEVLAQQTHG	HSV-1 and 2	HNBD#	Cetina-Corona et al., 2016
CB-2	CRS on gH surface (aa 646–664): PEASHRCGGQSANVEPRIL	HSV-1 and 2	HNBD#	Cetina-Corona et al., 2016)

*EC50, half maximal effective concentration causing virus inactivation. ^#HNBD, has not been defined. CD4bs, CD4-binding site; CoRbs, coreceptor-binding site.