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. 2020 Mar 26;20:305–309. doi: 10.1016/j.jor.2020.03.002

Table 5.

Categorical Variables by Joint Class Attendance – (Rows add to 100%).

No Yes Estimate p value
Gender - Female 322(42.8%) 430(57.2%) 1.109 0.292
Gender – Male 213(45.9%) 251(54.1%)



Procedure-Hip 183(45.1%) 223(54.9%) 0.287 0.592c
Procedure Knee 352(43.5%) 458(56.5%)



Current Smoker-False 511(43.1%) 674(56.9%) 14.422 <.001c
Current Smoker-True 24(77.4%) 7(22.6%)



Recent/Former Smoker-False 491(43.4%) 641(56.6%) 2.574 0.109c
Recent/Former Smoker-True 44(52.4%) 40(47.6%)



A1c Not Diabetic 335(43.3%) 438(56.7%) −0.048 0.407 g
A1c Diabetes w/reasonable control 174(43.8%) 223(56.2%)
A1c Diabetes not well controlled 26(56.5%) 20(43.5%)



BMI underweight 2(66.7%) 1(33.3%) −0/129 0.161 g
BMI normal 54(38.3%) 87(61.7%)
BMI overweight 124(39.9%) 187(60.1%)
BMI obese 355(46.6%) 406(53.4%)

f - Fisher's exact test; descriptive statistics are count (percent). The estimate is the odds ratio in the case of a 2 × 2 table.

c - Chi-square test; descriptive statistics are count (percent). The estimate is the chi-square statistic.

g - Goodman-Kruskal gamma test; descriptive statistics are count (percent). The estimate is gamma.