Table 3.

Inhibitor peptides and small molecules that act as NADPH oxidase inhibitors.

Target	Inhibitor peptide	Pharmacological inhibitor
Nox1	NoxA1ds (mimics a putative activation domain of NoxA1 and p67phox amino acids 199–210 in the FAD with substitution of Y199 by alanine 196 EPVDALGKAKV-CONH2 [48]	ML171 [49] GKT136901 and GKT137831 [50,51]
Nox2	Endogenous PR-39 (RRR PRP PYL PRP RPP PFF PPR LPP RIP PGF PPR FPP RFP) [52] several peptides (peptide walking) [53] B-loop peptide of Nox2 that binds to p47phox: C85SRVRRQL93 [54] → Nox2ds-tat [55] works in vitro and in vivo (specifically inhibits the interaction of Nox2 and p47phox [56])	GSK2795039 [57] CYR5099 [58] Bridged tetrahydroisoquinolines: CPP11G and CPP11H [59] Perhexiline and Suramin (cell impermeable) [60]
Nox4		GLX7013114 [61] GKT137831 [50] GKT137928 [62] ACD084 [63] Rosmarinic acid [64]
Nox5	peptides pep1 and pep3 containing a KDSIT sequence at the c-terminus (D637−G661 + Y and R621−T660) [65]
Duox1 and Duox2	S–P-Re-J-L, wherein Re is a reactive electrophile and J is G or P [66]	Acrolein [67]