Table 3. Surgical outcomes among the patients who underwent surgical resection (n=25).
| Variables | Entire cohort, n (%) | Gemcitabine, n (%) | Multi-agent chemotherapy, n (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surgical procedure | ||||
| Pancreaticoduodenectomy | 20 (80.0) | 9 (90.0) | 11 (73.3) | 0.61 |
| Distal pancreatectomy | 5 (20.0) | 1 (10.0) | 4 (26.7) | |
| Surgical outcomes | ||||
| Vascular resection | 3 (12.0) | 1 (10.0) | 2 (13.3) | 1.00 |
| Margin status, R0 | 23 (92.0) | 9 (90.0) | 14 (93.3) | 1.00 |
| Pathologic outcomes | ||||
| Nodal metastases | 16 (64.0) | 5 (50.0) | 11 (73.3) | 0.44 |
| Evans gradea | 0.52 | |||
| I | 11 (44.0) | 4 (40.0) | 7 (46.7) | |
| II | 12 (48.0) | 5 (50.0) | 7 (46.7) | |
| III | 1 (4.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (6.7) | |
| IV | 1 (4.0) | 1 (10.0) | 0 (0.0) |
a, Evans grade: based on Evans criteria where grade I represents characteristic cytologic changes of malignancy with <10% tumor destruction; grade II represents cytologic changes of malignancy with 10% to 90% of tumor cells destroyed; grade III represents <10% viable-appearing tumor cells present; grade IV represents the presence of no viable tumor cells (15).