. 2020 May 31;2020:3012198. doi: 10.1155/2020/3012198

Table 4.

Percentages of protection in curcumin and Cur-CS nanoparticle treatments with virus in different exposure methods at different concentrations.

Compound	Concentration (μM)	Pretreatment		Cotreatment		Posttreatment
Compound	Concentration (μM)	48 h	72 h	48 h	72 h	48 h	72 h
Curcumin	2.5	0.00 ± 0.00^a	0.58 ± 1.00^a	12.34 ± 2.23^a	5.76 ± 4.13^a	0.85 ± 1.35^a	0.05 ± 0.08^a
	5	0.38 ± 0.66^a	1.74 ± 1.06^ab	21.98 ± 7.01^b	11.99 ± 3.43^b	0.08 ± 0.13^a	0.99 ± 1.71^a
	10	3.87 ± 1.64^ab	1.16 ± 1.82^a	40.08 ± 3.71^d	18.82 ± 1.93^c	13.31 ± 3.93^b	2.59 ± 1.55^a
	20	12.79 ± 2.27^c	5.12 ± 2.03^bc	55.95 ± 1.82^e	22.25 ± 2.05^c	17.28 ± 0.78^bc	2.13 ± 1.91^a
Cur-CS nanoparticles	2.5	0.98 ± 1.70^a	0.89 ± 1.30^a	11.52 ± 2.93^a	6.29 ± 4.28^a	0.34 ± 0.59^a	0.42 ± 0.73^a
	5	6.53 ± 4.46^b	1.30 ± 2.26^ab	32.51 ± 3.53^c	12.23 ± 3.03^b	3.87 ± 3.34^a	1.12 ± 1.01^a
	10	14.43 ± 6.27^c	7.98 ± 3.93^c	49.37 ± 2.95^e	21.18 ± 1.91^c	18.02 ± 2.21^c	3.06 ± 1.00^a
	20	20.12 ± 3.71^d	11.67 ± 1.76^d	67.88 ± 4.08^f	28.43 ± 3.92^d	31.25 ± 3.19^d	12.24 ± 4.46^b

Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3) and analysed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Duncan multiple test. For each time interval, means within a column with different roman letters were significantly different (p < 0.05) from each other. Cur-CS: curcumin-encapsulated chitosan.