Table 1.
Demographic Characteristics by Hypertension,a Hearing Impairment,b and Visit, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, N=248
| Hypertension at Visit 1 | Hypertension at Visit 5 | Hearing Impairment at Visit 5 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No (N=201) | Yes (n=47) | P-valuec | No (N=65) | Yes (N=183) | P-valuec | No (n=165) | Yes (N=83) | P-valuec | |
| Age (years) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | ||||||
| Visit 1 | 53.4 (5.3) | 54.1 (5.1) | 0.40 | 52.6 (5.3) | 53.9 (5.2) | 0.10 | 52.3 (4.7) | 56.0 (5.4) | <0.001 |
| Visit 5 | - | - | - | 76.2 (5.5) | 77.7 (5.3) | 0.07 | 76.0 (4.8) | 79.7 (5.7) | <0.001 |
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |||||||
| Sex (male) | 73 (36) | 23 (49) | 0.11 | 27 (42) | 69 (38) | 0.59 | 51 (31) | 45 (54) | <0.001 |
| Education (< high school) | 29 (14) | 6 (13) | 0.77 | 9 (14) | 26 (14) | 0.94 | 21 (13) | 14 (17) | 0.38 |
| Smoking status (ever) | |||||||||
| Visit 1 | 84 (42) | 21 (45) | 0.72 | 23 (36) | 82 (45) | 0.19 | 67 (41) | 38 (46) | 0.44 |
| Visit 5 | - | - | - | 27 (42) | 91 (50) | 0.26 | 75 (46) | 43 (52) | 0.35 |
| Diabetes | |||||||||
| Visit 1 | 12 (6) | 2 (4) | 0.65 | 4 (6) | 10 (6) | 0.84 | 6 (4) | 8 (10) | 0.05 |
| Visit 5 | - | - | - | 14 (22) | 70 (38) | 0.01 | 51 (31) | 33 (40) | 0.17 |
| Occupation (manufacturing/laborers) | 41 (20) | 10 (22) | 0.89 | 11 (17) | 40 (22) | 0.40 | 32 (19) | 19 (23) | 0.52 |
| Household Income (< $25,000) | |||||||||
| Visit 1 | 44 (23) | 7 (15) | 0.24 | 17 (28) | 34 (19) | 0.14 | 35 (22) | 16 (21) | 0.81 |
| Visit 5 | 52 (28) | 9 (22) | 0.43 | 14 (24) | 47 (28) | 0.59 | 40 (27) | 21 (27) | 0.92 |
a
Hypertension defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, or antihypertensive medicatio n use.
b
Hearing impairment was measured at Visit 5 and defined as a pure tone average of 40 dB or greater in the better hearing ear
c
P-values calculated with t-test for age and fisher exact test for all other characteristics