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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2020 Apr 17;181(2):255–268. doi: 10.1007/s10549-020-05637-y
Measure Definition What does this mean?
True positive Positive surveillance examination followed by diagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) or invasive breast cancer within a follow-up period A radiologist finding requires additional work-up; woman diagnosed with a second breast cancer during follow-up
False-positive Positive surveillance examination with no breast cancer diagnosed by end of follow-up A radiologist finding requires additional work-up; woman not diagnosed with a second breast cancer during follow-up
False negative Negative surveillance examination followed by a diagnosis of DCIS or invasive breast cancer by the end of a follow-up period No radiologist findings require additional work-up, but woman diagnosed with a second breast cancer event during follow-up
True negative A negative surveillance examination with no diagnosis of breast cancer by the end of a follow-up period No radiologist findings require additional work-up; woman is not diagnosed with a second breast cancer event during follow-up
Cancer rate The proportion of women with breast cancer among the entire population receiving surveillance examinations In the entire population, the percentage of breast cancer both detected and undetected by surveillance
Cancer detection rate The proportion of women with breast cancer detected by screening among the entire population receiving surveillance examinations In the entire population, percentage of breast cancer events detected by surveillance imaging
Sensitivity The proportion of women with a second breast cancer event who have a positive surveillance examination Percentage of second breast cancer events during follow-up detected by the surveillance examination
Specificity The proportion of women without a second breast cancer event who have a negative surveillance examination Percentage of examinations with no second breast cancer event during follow-up that were also negative on the surveillance examination
Positive predictive value (PPV1) The probability that a woman has a second breast cancer event given that her surveillance examination is positive Likelihood of a true second breast cancer event in a woman who screens positive with a breast MRI
Positive predictive value (PPV2) The probability that a women has a second breast cancer event among women recommended to receive a breast biopsy Likelihood of a true second breast cancer event in a women who screens positive with breast MRI and is recommended to receive a breast biopsy
Positive predictive value (PPV3) The probability that a woman has a second breast cancer event among women who received a biopsy Likelihood of a true second breast cancer event in a woman who screens positive with breast MRI and receives a breast biopsy