Table 1.
Detailed characteristics of included studies
| ASA classification | TNM staging | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Authors (year) | Country or Region | Study design | Intervention | No. of cases | Sex ratio (M/F) | Median age, years (IQ range) mean ± SD | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Pathology (adeno/squam/others) | Neoadjuvant therapy (chemo‐radio /chemo) | NOS score |
| 1 |
Mariette et al. (2019)15 |
France |
RCT |
hMIE OE |
103 104 |
88/15 87/17 |
59 (23–75) 62 (41–78) |
25 34 |
61 58 |
17 12 |
0 0 |
NA NA |
18 19 |
30 33 |
50 48 |
NA§ NA§ |
57/46/0 66/38/0 |
36/41 30/45 |
9 |
|
2 |
Straatman et al. (2017)16 |
The Netherlands |
RCT |
MIE OE |
59 56 |
43/16 46/10 |
61.8 ± 8.4 62.3 ± 8.4 |
10 15 |
34 32 |
14 08 |
01 01 |
0 1 |
4 4 |
26 22 |
5 4 |
NA NA |
35/24/0 36/19/1 |
52/4 54/5 |
9 |
|
3 |
Kinjo et al. (2011)17 |
Japan |
Retrospective |
TLE TE OE |
72 34 79 |
58/14 29/5 70/9 |
62.7 ± 7.4 64.2 ± 8.8 63.3 ± 8.6 |
35 15 36 |
3 19 41 |
0 0 02 |
NA NA NA |
NA NA NA |
21 11 18 |
26 7 27 |
16 9 20 |
9 7 14 |
0/71/1 3/31/0 3/71/5 |
NA NA NA |
8 |
|
4 |
Sarkaria et al. (2018)18 |
USA |
Prospective |
rMIE OE |
64 106 |
53/11 91/15 |
61 (45–82) 63 (28–83) |
NA NA |
09 15 |
51 84 |
04 07 |
13 20 |
22 25 |
15 33 |
14 27 |
NA NA |
59/4/0 98/7/1 |
47/1 85/2 |
9 |
|
5 |
Safranek et al. (2010)19 |
UK |
Prospective |
tMIE hMIE OE |
41 34 46 |
25/16 28/6 38/8 |
64 (41–74) 63 (44–76) 60 (44–77) |
NA NA NA |
NA NA NA |
NA NA NA |
NA NA NA |
2 2 0 |
7 2 6 |
17 14 11 |
15 16 29 |
NA NA NA |
23/17/1 29/3/2 43/3/0 |
0/34 0/27 0/34 |
8 |
|
6 |
Paireder et al. (2018)20 |
Austria |
RCT |
MIE OE |
14 12 |
10/4 10/2 |
64.5 (40–75) 62.5 (49–77) |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
1 2 |
4 4 |
2 2 |
6 3 |
1§ 1§ |
10/4/0 11/1/0 |
0/9 0/7 |
8 |
|
7 |
Sihag et al. (2016)21 |
USA |
Retrospective |
MIE OE |
814 2966 |
658/156 2492/474 |
63.3 ± 10.7 63.2 ± 10.2 |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
7 |
|
8 |
Schoppmann et al. (2010)22 |
Austria |
Prospective |
MIE OE |
31 31 |
25/6 21/10 |
61.5 (35.7–74.8) 58.6 (33.7–76.8) |
14 15 |
13 11 |
04 05 |
NA NA |
NA NA |
10 4 |
4 9 |
14 15 |
1 2 |
17/14/0 12/19/0 |
NA NA |
8 |
|
9 |
Klevebro et al. (2018)23 |
Sweden |
Prospective |
MIE OE |
201 165 |
162/39 132/33 |
67 (33–83) 65 (36–82) |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
19 28 |
13 34 |
119 93 |
32 5 |
153/41/7 120/42/3 |
125/20 55/59 |
8 |
|
10 |
Perry et al. (2009)24 |
USA |
Retrospective |
LE OE |
21 21 |
18/3 17/4 |
69 ± 8 61 ± 9 |
(1–2 = 13)† (1–2 = 13) |
(3–4 = 8)† (3–4 = 8) |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
7 |
||
|
11 |
Seesing et al. (2017)14 |
The Netherlands |
Retrospective |
MIE OE |
433 433 |
335/58 335/58 |
64 ± 9.0 64 ± 8.7 |
80 65 |
271 287 |
82 81 |
NA NA |
NA NA |
26 24 |
86 82 |
310 311 |
11§ 17§ |
305/128/0 311/122/0 |
375/21 376/21 |
9 |
|
12 |
Mass et al. (2013)25 |
The Netherlands |
RCT |
MIE OE |
14 13 |
10/4 12/1 |
65 (56–75) 62 (52–74) |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
13/1/0 11/2/0 |
NA NA |
8 |
|
13 |
Glatz et al. (2017)26 |
Germany |
Retrospective |
hMIE OE |
60 60 |
49/11 52/8 |
61 (42–92) 61 (44–84) |
(1–2 = 36)† (1–2 = 33) |
(3–4 = 24)† (3–4 = 27) |
(0–1 = 35)‡ (0–1 = 27)‡ |
9 14 |
14 14 |
1 5 |
46/14/0 47/13/0 |
12/35 12/38 |
9 |
|||
|
14 |
Tang et al. (2018)27 |
China |
Retrospective |
MIE (nCRT) MIE (nCT) OE (nCT) |
76 42 57 |
64/12 33/9 51/6 |
61 (44–790 61 (46–730 60 (41–73) |
24 13 19 |
48 27 36 |
04 02 02 |
0 0 0 |
NA NA NA |
NA NA NA |
NA NA NA |
47 28 37 |
29§ 14§ 20§ |
NA NA NA |
NA NA NA |
7 |
|
15 |
Lee at al. (2011)28 |
Taiwan |
Prospective |
tMIE hMIE OE |
30 44 64 |
30/0 43/1 61/3 |
59.7 ± 10.32 59.7 ± 11.17 56.5 ± 11.60 |
NA NA NA |
NA NA NA |
NA NA NA |
NA NA NA |
2 12 7 |
3 13 17 |
11 14 25 |
12 5 14 |
2 1 1 |
1/29/0 1/43/0 5/59/0 |
NA NA NA |
7 |
|
16 |
Bonavina et al. (2016)29 |
Italy |
Retrospective |
TE OE |
80 80 |
46/34 71/9 |
61.5 (53–70) 63.5 (55–68) |
15 21 |
56 47 |
09 12 |
0 0 |
NA NA |
25 15 |
25 22 |
23 31 |
7 12 |
9/68/3 63/15/2 |
31¶ 17¶ |
8 |
|
17 |
Hamouda et al. (2009)30 |
UK |
Prospective |
LE OE |
26 24 |
25/1 23/1 |
62 60 |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
1 0 |
0 1 |
4 1 |
19 18 |
2§ 3§ |
21/4/1 21/3/0 |
NA NA |
7 |
|
18 |
Kauppi et al. (2014)31 |
Finland |
Prospective |
MIE OE |
74 79 |
59/15 68/11 |
66 (51–85) 63 (39–82) |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
28 25 |
44 54 |
0 0 |
NA NA |
3/55 12/59 |
7 |
|
19 |
Guo et al. (2013)32 |
China |
RCT |
TE OE |
111 110 |
68/43 72/38 |
57.3 ± 11.8 60.8 ± 12.4 |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
24 31 |
80 74 |
7 5 |
NA§ NA§ |
NA NA |
NA NA |
7 |
|
20 |
Sihvo et al.33 |
Finland |
Retrospective |
MIE OE |
150 150 |
119/31 119/31 |
63.9 (9.2) 64.3 (8.9) |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
122/27/10 263/138/30 |
26/73 31/61 |
8 |
|
21 |
Pham et al. (2010)34 |
USA |
Retrospective |
TLE OE |
44 46 |
41/3 33/13 |
63 ± 8.6 61 ± 10.7 |
(1–2 = 12)† (1–2 = 17) |
(3–4 = 32)† (3–4 = 29) |
0 0 |
6 7 |
14 13 |
18 18 |
2 1 |
34/8/0 34/6/2 |
NA NA |
8 |
||
|
22 |
Scarpa et al. (2015)35 |
Italy |
Retrospective |
hMIE OE |
34 34 |
27/7 6/25 |
62 (52–70) 64 (56–70) |
5 4 |
22 17 |
07 13 |
NA NA |
(0–1‐2 = 29) (0–1‐2 = 29) |
(3–4 = 5)‡ (3–4 = 5)‡ |
24/10/0 24/10/0 |
22¶ 22¶ |
8 |
|||
|
23 |
Biere et al. (2012)36 |
The Netherlands |
RCT |
MIE OE |
59 56 |
43/16 46/10 |
62 (34–75) 62 (42–75) |
10 15 |
34 32 |
14 08 |
01 01 |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
24/35/0 36/19/1 |
54/5 52/4 |
9 |
|
24 |
Parameswaran et al. (2013)37 |
UK |
Prospective |
tMIE LE OE |
36 31 19 |
24/12 13/8 15/4 |
64 (45–84) 67 (48–79) 64 (51–77) |
NA NA NA |
NA NA NA |
NA NA NA |
NA NA NA |
6 1 0 |
6 5 0 |
13 12 8 |
10 13 11 |
0 0 0 |
22/8/5 27/3/0 16/3/0 |
23¶ 27¶ 17¶ |
8 |
|
25 |
Noble et al. (2012)38 |
UK |
Prospective |
MIE OE |
53 53 |
43/10 45/8 |
66 (45–85) 64 (36–81) |
4 10 |
44 32 |
05 11 |
NA NA |
2 0 |
0 1 |
9 15 |
42 33 |
0§ 4§ |
47/4/1 48/3/0 |
1/12 2/9 |
9 |
|
26 |
Burdall et al. (2014)39 |
UK |
Retrospective |
LE MIE OE |
184 67 83 |
151/33 48/19 67/16 |
64.8 (39–79) 65.4 (36–79) 63.9 (43–77) |
NA NA NA |
NA NA NA |
NA NA NA |
NA NA NA |
6 3 1 |
32 37 12 |
25 9 10 |
119 18 60 |
2§ 0§ 0§ |
167/14/3 53/7/0 74/8/1 |
0/158 0/23 0/76 |
8 |
|
27 |
Dolan et al. (2013)40 |
USA |
Retrospective |
MIE OE |
82 64 |
65/17 55/9 |
67 (60–76) 69 (63–75) |
1 0 |
28 16 |
47 35 |
03 04 |
NA NA |
NA NA |
31 23 |
48 33 |
NA NA |
NA NA |
74¶ 39¶ |
8 |
|
28 |
Hsu et al. (2013)41 |
Taiwan |
Retrospective |
TE OE |
66 63 |
61/5 58/5 |
58.8 ± 10.4 60 ± 11.3 |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
24 15 |
14 12 |
25 33 |
3§ 3§ |
NA NA |
0/10 0/14 |
7 |
|
29 |
Kanekiyo et al. (2017)42 |
Japan |
Retrospective |
TE OE |
65 65 |
56/9 58/7 |
66 (62–70) 66 (61–70) |
16 14 |
45 47 |
04 04 |
0 0 |
(0–1 = 24) (0–1 = 24) |
(2–3‐4 = 41)‡ (2–3‐4 = 41)‡ |
NA NA |
0/37 0/35 |
8 |
|||
|
30 |
Rinieri et al. (2016)43 |
France |
Prospective |
MIE OE |
70 70 |
59/11 54/16 |
61.1 ± 9 61 ± 9 |
9 14 |
48 40 |
13 16 |
0 0 |
15 15 |
22 23 |
15 11 |
17 20 |
1 1 |
50/20/0 55/15/0 |
NA NA |
8 |
|
31 |
Thomson et al. (2010)44 |
Australia |
Prospective |
TE OE |
165 56 |
134/31 45/11 |
68 (36–84) 65 (42–82) |
(1–2 = 120)† (1–2 = 30) |
(3–4 = 45)† (3–4 = 26) |
NA NA |
51 5 |
46 16 |
68 35 |
NA NA |
128/37/0 48/8/0 |
NA NA |
8 |
||
|
32 |
Yerokun et al. (2016)45 |
USA |
Retrospective |
MIE rMIE OE |
1077 231 2958 |
905/172 195/36 2474/484 |
57 (64–70) 57 (64–70) 57 (64–70) |
NA NA NA |
NA NA NA |
NA NA NA |
NA NA NA |
194 52 494 |
350 72 812 |
149 31 443 |
291 63 852 |
6§ 1§ 12§ |
861/216/0 186/45/0 2305/653/0 |
643/0 157/0 800/0 |
8 |
|
33 |
Zingg et al. (2009)46 |
Australia |
Prospective |
MIE OE |
56 98 |
45/11 71/27 |
66.3 (1.3) 67.8 (1.1) |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
NA NA |
15 14 |
9 15 |
21 33 |
11 27 |
NA NA |
46/10/0 65/29/4 |
40¶ 48¶ |
8 |
adeno; adenocarcinoma; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; chemo, chemotherapy; chem‐radio, chemo‐radiotherapy; hMIE, Hybrid minimally invasive esophagectomy; IQ, interquartile; LE, laparoscopic‐assisted esophagectomy; M/F, Male/Female; NA, not available; nCRT, neoadjuvant chemo‐radiotherapy; nCT, neoadjuvant chemotherapy; NOS, Newcastle‐Ottawa quality assessment scale; OE, open esophagectomy; RCT, randomized controlled trial; rMIE, robotic‐assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy; SD, standard deviation; squam; squamous cell carcinoma; TE, thoracoscopic esophagectomy; TLE, thoracoscopic laparoscopic esophagectomy; tMIE, total minimally invasive esophagectomy.
The ASA classification data for multiple stages is provided together.
The TNM staging data for multiple stages is provided together.
Mention of size or direct extension of primary tumor only.
Not specified whether the neoadjuvant therapy was chemo‐radiotherapy or chemotherapy.