TABLE 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Participants in a Study of Direct- and Averted-Gaze Threat-Related Facial Expressions
| Characteristic | Healthy Comparison Subjects (N=37) | Schizophrenia Patients (N=35) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | N | % | |
| Male | 18 | 48.6 | 17 | 48.6 |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Caucasian | 18 | 48.6 | 16 | 45.7 |
| African American | 16 | 43.2 | 18 | 51.4 |
| Asian | 3 | 8.1 | 1 | 2.9 |
| Right-handed | 34 | 91.9 | 30 | 85.7 |
| Ambidextrous | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 2.9 |
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
| Age (years) | 35.59 | 9.93 | 36.46 | 10.71 |
| Education (years) | 14.97 | 2.24 | 13.21 | 2.52 |
| Maternal educationa (years) | 13.65 | 2.90 | 13.61 | 2.93 |
| Paternal educationb (years) | 14.03 | 3.71 | 13.91 | 3.29 |
| Strauss-Carpenter Outcome Scale scorec | 29.90 | 2.78 | 21.76 | 5.45 |
| Duration of illness (years) | 15.21 | 11.06 | ||
| Antipsychotic dosage (chlorpromazine equivalents/day) | 378.19 | 296.47 | ||
| Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, subscale score | ||||
| Affective flattening or blunting | 6.40 | 5.10 | ||
| Alogia | 2.26 | 2.38 | ||
| Avolition-apathy | 2.86 | 2.30 | ||
| Anhedonia-asociality | 4.77 | 4.67 | ||
| Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms, subscale score | ||||
| Hallucinations | 3.66 | 4.79 | ||
| Delusions | 3.69 | 6.20 | ||
| Bizarre behavior | 0.86 | 1.73 | ||
| Positive formal thought disorder | 2.83 | 4.62 | ||
a
Data missing for two patients.
b
Data missing for three patients.
c
Data missing for seven comparison subjects and two patients.