Table 2.
Countries with reported H9 subtype IAV isolations and corresponding lineages
| H9N2 lineage | Country | Host | Confirmed human casesa |
|---|---|---|---|
| North American (h9.1.1) | Canada | Wild waterfowl (mallard) | |
| Mexico | American wigeon | ||
| United States | Chicken, quail, turkey, shorebird, waterfowl | ||
| China | Chicken, plateau pikas, wild waterfowl | ||
| South American (h9.1.2) | Argentina | Rosy-billed pochard | |
| Chile | Mallard duck | ||
| Y439 (h9.2) | Bangladesh | Chicken, quail, wild waterfowl | |
| Belgium | Chicken, duck | ||
| Cambodia | Chicken | ||
| France | Turkey, waterfowl | ||
| Germany | Chicken, turkey | ||
| Hungary | Chicken | ||
| Indonesia | Chicken | ||
| Italy | Chicken, turkey | ||
| Malaysia | Waterfowl | ||
| Netherland | Chicken, turkey | ||
| Poland | Turkey, duck | ||
| South Africa | Ostrich | ||
| North Korea | Chicken | ||
| South Korea | Chicken, guinea fowl, duck, goose, pheasant, wild waterfowl, dove | ||
| United Kingdom | Chicken, turkey | ||
| Vietnam | Chicken, quail | ||
| Korean (h9.2.2) | North Korea | Chicken | |
| South Korea | Chicken, guinea fowl, duck, goose, pheasant, wild waterfowl, dove | ||
| BJ94 (h9.3) | Cambodia | Chicken | |
| China | Chicken, quail, turkey, goose, duck, partridge, pheasant, guinea fowl, waterfowl, shorebirds | 1998 (5), 1999 (1), 2013 (2), 2014 (2), 2015 (5), 2016 (2), 2017 (4), 2018 (2) | |
| Hong Kong | Chicken, guinea fowl, duck, goose, pheasant, wild waterfowl, partridges | 2003 (1) | |
| Indonesia | Chicken | ||
| Japan | Chicken, imported meat | ||
| Myanmar | Chicken | ||
| Russia | Teal | ||
| Vietnam | Chicken, quail | ||
| G1-Eastern (h9.4.1) | Cambodia | Chicken | |
| China | Chicken, quail, turkey, goose, duck, partridge, pheasant, guinea fowl, waterfowl, shorebirds | 2004 (1) | |
| Hong Kong | Chicken, guinea fowl, duck, goose, pheasant, wild waterfowl, partridges | 1999 (2), 2009 (2) | |
| Vietnam | Chicken, quail | ||
| G1-Western (h9.4.2) | Afghanistan | Chicken | |
| Algeria | Chicken | ||
| Bangladesh | Chicken, quail | 2011 (1) | |
| Burkina Faso | Chicken | ||
| Egypt | Chicken, quail, turkey | ||
| Germany | Chicken | ||
| Ghana | Chicken | ||
| India | Chicken | ||
| Iran | Chicken | ||
| Iraq | Chicken | ||
| Israel | Chicken, turkey, ostrich | ||
| Jordan | Chicken | ||
| Kuwait | Chicken | ||
| Lebanon | Chicken, quail | ||
| Libya | Chicken | ||
| Morocco | Chicken | ||
| Nepal | Chicken | ||
| Oman | Chicken | 2019 (1) | |
| Pakistan | Chicken, partridges | 2015 (1) | |
| Russia | Chicken | ||
| Saudi Arabia | Chicken | ||
| Tunisia | Chicken, turkey | ||
| United Arab Emirates | Chicken, quail | ||
| Uganda | Chicken | ||
| Unknown | Colombia | Chicken | |
| Laos | Chicken | ||
| Nigeria | Chicken | ||
| Romania | n/a | ||
| Thailand | n/a |
aYear of isolation is followed by the number of laboratory-confirmed human cases in parentheses.