Table 1.

Descriptive Data of the 55 COPD Patients.

			Mean ± SD or number (%)	95% CI
Anthropometric data and obesity status
Age (years)			65.6 ± 8.1	[63.4, 67.8]
Height (m)			1.67 ± 0.06	[1.65, 1.69]
Weight (kg)			68 ± 15	[64, 72]
Body mass index (kg/m2)			24.3 ± 5.5	[22.8, 25.7]
Corpulence status	Underweight		9 (16.4)
	Normal weight		21 (38.2)
	Overweight		19 (34.5)
	Obesity		6 (10.9)
Demographic data and smoking habits
Low socioeconomic level			35 (63.6)
Low schooling level			45 (81.8)
Marital status (married)			39 (70.9)
Tobacco smoking (pack-years)			67 ± 44	[55, 79]
Current smokers			23 (41.8)
GOLD “ABCD” classification, CAT, and VQ11 scores
GOLD	A		4 (7.3)
	B		23 (41.8)
	C		1 (1.8)
	D		27 (49.1)
CAT score			20 ±10	[18, 23]
VQ11	Functional		9 ± 3	[8, 10]
	Psychologic		10 ± 4	[9, 11]
	Relational		11 ± 4	[9, 12]
	Total		30 ± 10	[27, 33]
Low quality of life			40 (72.73)
Spirometric data
	Pre-bronchodilator		Post-bronchodilator
	Mean ± SD	95% CI	Mean ± SD	95% CI
FEV1 (L)	1.34 ± 0.51	[1.21, 1.48]	1.46 ± 0.52	[1.32, 1.60]*
FEV1%pred	40 ± 15	[36, 44]	43 ± 16	[39, 48]*
FVC (L)	2.46 ± 0.67	[2.28, 2.64]	2.63 ± 0.69	[2.45, 2.82]*
FVC%pred	62 ± 16	[58, 66]	67 ± 17	[62, 71]*
FEV1/FVC (absolute value)	0.54 ± 0.09	[0.51, 0.56]	0.55 ± 0.10	[0.52, 0.57]*
FEV1z-score (absolute value)			−4.68 ± 1.33	[−5.03, 4.32]
FEV1/height2 (L/m2)			0.52 ± 0.18	[0.47, 0.57]
FEV1/height3 (L/m3)			0.31 ± 0.11	[0.28, 0.34]
FEV1Quotient (absolute value)			2.92 ± 1.04	[2.64, 3.21]

Note. Qualitative data were number (%). Quantitative data were mean ± SD (95% confidence interval [CI]). CAT = COPD assessment test; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FEV₁ = forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC = forced vital capacity; _%pred = percent of the predicted value; VQ11: quality-of-life questionnaire.

^*p <.05: Wilcoxon test: pre-bronchodilator versus post-bronchodilator.