Table 2.
Clinical trials of the various therapeutics for COVID-19.
| Sr. no. | Therapeutic moiety/combinations | Phase of clinical trial | Route of administration | Category and purpose in COVID-19 | Sponsor | ClinicalTrials.gov identifier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chloroquine | 2 & 3, 4, 2 | Oral route | Antimalarial, to treat mild Symptomatic and Asymptomatic cases of COVID-19 | HaEmek Medical Center, Israel, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Vietnam | NCT04333628, NCT04331600, NCT04328493 |
| 2 | Hydroxychloroquine | 3, 3, 2, 2, 2 | Oral route | Antimalarial, to prevent severe COVID-19 disease | Dr. Michael Hill, University of Calgary, Canada, Germany, United States, Baylor University Medical Center, United States, California, Rambam Health Care Campus | NCT04329611, NCT04340544, NCT04329923, NCT04333225, NCT04335084, NCT04323631 |
| 3 | Remdesivir | 3 | I.V infusion | Antiviral in treatment of COVID-19 | Gilead Sciences, | NCT04292899, NCT04292730 |
| 4 | Azithromycin | 3 | Oral route | Antibiotic, to prevent COVD-19 disease progression | University of California, San Francisco | NCT04332107 |
| 5 | Atovaquone/Azithromycin | NA | Oral route | Anti-Malarial/Anti-Infective Combination to treat COVID-19 patients | HonorHealth Research Institute, United States | NCT04339426 |
| 6 | Lopinavir/ritonavir | 2 | Oral route | Antiretroviral, to treat COVID-19 patients | Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Canada | NCT04330690 |
| 7 | Lopinavir/ritonavir vs Hydroxychloroquine sulfate | 2 | Oral route | To treat Mild COVID-19 | Asan Medical Center, Korea | NCT04307693 |
| 8 |
|
2 | 1, 2, & 3 Oral route, 4. S.C injection | To treat moderate to severe COVID-19 | Lisa Barrett, Canada | NCT04321993 |
| 9 | Remdesivir, Lopinavir/ritonavir, interferon β-1A, and hydroxychloroquine | 3 | I.V infusion, oral route, S.C injection, and oral route respectively | To treat COVID-19 patients | National Institute of Health and Medical Research, France | NCT04315948 |
| 10 | Hydroxychloroquine, Oseltamivir, Azithromycin | 3 | Oral route | To treat COVID-19 patients | Shehnoor Azhar, Pakistan | NCT04338698 |
| 11 | Hydroxychloroquine and Nitazoxanide | 2, 3 | Oral route | To evaluate safety and efficacy in COVID-19 patients | Tanta University | NCT04361318 |
| 12 | Hydroxychloroquine vs. Azithromycin | 2, 3 | Oral route | To treat COVID-19 patients | Intermountain Health Care, Inc., United States, Intermountain Medical Center, United States | NCT04329832, NCT04334382 |
| 13 | 1. Lopinavir/ritonavir, 2. Ribavirin and 3. Interferon beta-1b |
2 | 1 & 2 oral route, 3 S.C injection | To treat COVID-19 patients | The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong | NCT04276688 |
| 14 | Clevudine | 2 | Oral route | Antiviral, to evaluate safety and efficacy in COVID-19 patients | Bukwang Pharmaceutical, Korea | NCT04347915 |
| 15 | Arbidol | 4 | Oral route | Antiviral, to treat patients with COVID-19 pneumonia | Jieming QU, Ruijin Hospital, China | NCT04260594 |
| 16 | Isotretinoin | 3 | Oral route | Retinoid, to evaluate the safety and efficacy in COVID-19 | Tanta University, Egypt | NCT04361422 |
| 17 | Ivermectin and Nitazoxanide | 2, 3 | Oral route | To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the combination in COVID-19 | Tanta University, Egypt | NCT04360356 |
| 18 | Recombinant human Interferon α1β | 1 | Nebulization | To treat COVID-19 patients | Tongji Hospital, China | NCT04293887 |
| 19 |
|
NA | 1 & 2 oral route, 3 spray | To treat patients with COVID-19 pneumonia | Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China | NCT04273763 |
| 20 | Deferoxamine | 1 & 2 | Intravenous infusion | Iron chelator, to reduce the Severity of COVID-19 Manifestations | Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran | NCT04333550 |
| 21 | Dexamethasone | 4 | I.V | Steroid, to treat patients with ARDS caused by COVID-19 | Dr. Negrin University Hospital, Spain | NCT04325061 |
| 22 | Piclidenoson | 2 | Oral route | A3 adenosine receptor agonist, to treat COVID-19 patients | Can-Fite BioPharma, Israel | NCT04333472 |
| 23 | Favipiravir | 3 | Oral route | Antiviral, to evaluate safety and efficacy in COVID-19 patients | Giuliano Rizzardini, Italy | NCT04336904 |
| 24 | Huaier Granule | 2 & 3 | Oral route | Adjuvant treatment of COVID-19 | Tongji Hospital, China | NCT04291053 |
| 25 | Tranexamic acid | 2 | Oral route | Antifibrinolytics, to study its effect on COVID-19 | The University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States | NCT04338126 |
| 26 | BLD-2660 | 2 | Oral route | Antiviral small molecule, to treat COVID-19 | Blade Therapeutics, United States | NCT04334460 |
| 27 | Sildenafil citrate | 3 | Oral route | Phosphodiesterase inhibitor, to treat COVID-19 patients | Tongji Hospital, China | NCT04304313 |
| 28 | Losartan | 1 | Oral route | Angiotensin receptor blocker, to treat respiratory failure due to COVID-19 | University of Kansas Medical Center, United States | NCT04335123 |
| 29 | Telmisartan | 2 | Oral route | Angiotensin receptor blocker, to evaluate the efficacy in COVID-19 patients | Laboratorio Elea Phoenix S.A., Argentina | NCT04355936 |
| 30 | Atorvastatin | 2 | Oral route | Statin, to assess the efficacy in reducing the deteroration of COVID-19 patients | Mount Auburn Hospital | NCT04380402 |
| 31 | Prazosin | 2 | Oral route | Alpha-blockers, to evaluate the safety and efficacy of drug to prevent cytokine storm | Johns Hopkins University, United States | NCT04365257 |
| 32 | Chlorpromazine | 3 | Oral route | Antipsychotics, to repurpose the drug for COVID-19 treatment | Centre Hospitalier St Anne, France | NCT04366739 |
| 33 | Lenalidomide | 4 | Oral route | Antiangiogenic agent, to treat mild to moderate COVID-19 patients | Getafe University Hospital, Spain | NCT04361643 |
| 34 | FT516 - induced pluripotent stem cell | 1 | – | To identify the maximum tolerated dose for the treatment of COVID-19 | Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota | NCT04363346 |
| 35 | Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells | 2 | I.V injection | To evaluate safety and efficacy of cells in patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia | Cell Therapy Network, Spain | NCT04361942 |
| 36 | Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells | 1 & 2 | I.V | Improve immune factor and to treat patients with COVID-19 pneumonia | Puren Hospital, China | NCT04339660 |
| 37 | Anti-SARS-CoV-2 convalescent plasma | 2 | I.V infusion | To assess the safety and efficacy | Medical College of Wisconsin, Hackensack Meridian Health, United States, Joakim Dillner, Sweden | NCT04354831, NCT04343755, NCT04390178, NCT04384497 |
| 38 | Anti-SARS-CoV-2 convalescent plasma | 3 | I.V infusion | To evaluate the efficacy | Central Directorate of the Army Health Service, France, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador Zubiran, United Mexican States |
NCT04372979, NCT04388410 |
| 39 | Hyperimmune plasma with standard therapy | 2 & 3 | I.V | To evaluate safety and efficacy in COVID-19 patients | University of Catanzaro, Italy | NCT04385043 |
| 40 | bac-TRL-Spike | 1 | Oral route | To prevent COVID-19 in Healthy adults | Symvivo Corporation, Canada | NCT04334980 |
| 41 | IFX-1 with Best supportive care | 2 & 3 | I.V | C5a antibody, to treat pneumonia. | InflaRx GmbH, Netherlands | NCT04333420 |
| 42 | Acalabrutinib with Best supportive care | 2 | Oral route | Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor, To evaluate safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics | AstraZeneca, United States | NCT04380688, NCT04346199 |
| 43 | Baricitinib | 2 & 3 | I.V | Janus Kinase inhibitor, to treat COVID-19 | University of Colorado, United States | NCT04340232 |
| 44 | Tocilizumab | 2 | I.V injection | Immunosuppressive, to treat patients with COVID-19 pneumonia | National Cancer Institute, Naples, University Hospital Inselspital, Berne, Switzerland | NCT04317092, NCT04335071 |
| 45 | Canakinumab | 3 | I.V infusion | Anti-human-IL-1β monoclonal antibody, To study the safety and efficacy in COVID-19 patients with cytokine release syndrome | Novartis Pharmaceuticals, United States | NCT04362813 |
| 46 | Ruxolitinib | 2 | – | Kinase inhibitor, to treat hyper inflammation in patients with stage II/III COVID-19 | Dr. Andreas Hochhaus, Germany | NCT04338958 |
| 47 | Ruxolitinib | 3 | Oral route | To evaluate safety and efficacy in COVID-19 patients with Cytokine storm | Novartis Pharmaceuticals, United Kingdom | NCT04362137 |
| 48 | BCG vaccine | 3 | Intracutaneous injection | To reduce Health Care Workers Absenteeism in COVID-19 | UMC Utrecht, Netherlands, Murdoch Children Research Institute, Australia | NCT04328441, NCT04327206 |
| 49 | Artificial Antigen Presenting Cell (aAPC) Vaccine | 1 | S.C injection | To treat COVID-19 | Shenzhen Geno-Immune Medical Institute, China | NCT04299724 |
| 50 | ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccine | 1 & 2 | I.M | To treat COVID-19 | University of Oxford, United Kingdom | NCT04324606 |