Table 1.
Demographic Characteristics and Clinical Outcome.
| Characteristics | Tubular Technique | Endoscopic Technique | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, male/female (total) | 4/6 (10) | 4/6 (10) | NS |
| Age, years | 69.7 (SD = 8.62) | 73.5 (SD = 10.51) | NS |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 29.3 (SD = 2.45) | 30.1 (SD = 3.41) | NS |
| Total levels treated, n (%) | 12 | 11 | |
| L2-L3 | 2 (17) | 0 (0) | |
| L3-L4 | 4 (33) | 2 (18) | |
| L4-L5 | 5 (42) | 9 (82) | |
| L5-S1 | 1 (8) | 0 (0) | |
| Surgery time, minutes | 117.5 (IQR 90-132.5) | 125 (IQR 85-145) | NS |
| Surgical blood loss, mL | 106 (IQR 90-126.2) | 18 (IQR 14-21) | <.001 |
| Preoperative SCCSA, mm2 | 87.4 (IQR 64.2-104.2) | 65.3 (IQR 48.3-97.4) | |
| Postoperative SCCSA (mm2) | 161.6 (IQR 123-210.2) | 157.3 (IQR 101.4-191.1) | |
| Preoperative DSCSA, mm2 | 48.5 (IQR 38.9-64.3) | 48 (IQR 32-60) | |
| Postoperative DSCSA (mm2) | 113.8 (IQR 77.1-139.5) | 95 (IQR 53-123) | |
| Lumbar canal decompression, % | 189 (IQR 163-275) | 202 (IQR 144-282) | NS |
| Dural sac enlargement, % | 203 (IQR 143-259) | 209 (IQR 114-251) | NS |
| Preoperative VAS | 9 (IQR 7-10) | 8 (IQR 7.5-10) | |
| Postoperative VAS at 6 months | 0.5 (IQR 0.0-3.25) | 0 (IQR 0-1) | NS |
| Preoperative ODI | 49.5 (IQR 40.2-65) | 72 (IQR 50-77) | |
| Postoperative ODI at 6 months | 3 (IQR 0.0-19.5) | 6 (IQR 0.0-10.5) | .037 |
| Preoperative JOA score | 11.5 (IQR 3-14.25) | 8 (IQR 1-13.5) | |
| Postoperative JOA score at 6 months | 26.5 (IQR 21-29) | 28 (IQR 26.5-29) | NS |
| Complications | |||
| Durotomy | 0 | 2 | NS |
| Wound dehiscence | 1 | 0 | NS |
| Postoperative hematoma | 1 | 0 | NS |
| Urinary tract infection | 1 | 1 | NS |
| Pulmonary embolism | 1 | 0 | NS |
Abbreviations: SCCSA, spinal canal cross-sectional area; DSCSA, dural sac cross-sectional area; NS, not significant; VAS, visual analogue scale; ODI, Oswestry Disability Index; JOA, Japanese Orthopedic Association; IQR, interquartile range.