Table 3:
Responses of nulliparous women reporting use of alcohol, tobacco, and drugs during pregnancy
| Characteristic | In the 3 months before pregnancy began |
In the month before visit 1 (first trimester exposure) |
In the month before visit 2 (second trimester exposure) |
In the month before visit 3 (late second/early third trimester exposure) |
In the month before the delivery visit (exposure around the time of delivery) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alcohol | |||||
| Drink alcoholic beverages | 6477/10028 | 381/9824 | 531/9409 | 646/9217 | 434/7164 |
| 64.6% (63.6%-65.5%) | 3.9% (3.5%-4.3%) | 5.6% (5.2%-6.1%)† | 7.0% (6.5%-7.6%)† | 6.1% (5.5%-6.6%)† | |
| Drink > 1 day per week | 2740/6459 | 33/378 | 14/528 | 45/641 | 48/431 |
| 42.4% (41.2%-43.6%) | 8.7% (6.1%-12.0%) | 2.7% (1.5%-4.4%) | 7.0% (5.2%-9.3%) | 11.1% (8.3%-14.5%) | |
| Binge drinking | 3414/6429 | 33/375 | 16/522 | 23/638 | 13/428 |
| 53.1% (51.9%-54.3%) | 8.8% (6.1%-12.1%) | 3.1% (1.8%-4.9%) | 3.6% (2.3%-5.4%) | 3.0% (1.6%-5.1%) | |
| Tobacco | |||||
| Smoke any tobacco products | 1782/10028 | 592/10015 | 499/9407 | 432/9217 | 276/7162 |
| 17.8% (17.0%-18.5%) | 5.9% (5.5%-6.4%) | 5.3% (4.9%-5.8%)† | 4.7% (4.3%-5.1%)† | 3.9% (3.4%-4.3%)† | |
| Smoked >1 pack per day | 257/1771 | 14/588 | 15/497 | 13/429 | 9/274 |
| 14.5% (12.9%-16.2%) | 2.4% (1.3%-4.0%) | 3.0% (1.7%-4.9%) | 3.0% (1.6%-5.1%) | 3.3% (1.5%-6.1%) | |
| Exposed to second hand smoke | 1901/5548 | 1452/5543 | 1377/5749 | 1263/6207 | 704/5308 |
| 34.3% (33.0%-35.5%) | 26.2% (25.0%-27.4%) | 24.0% (22.9%-25.1%) | 20.4% (19.4%-21.4%) | 13.3% (12.4%-14.2%) | |
| Smoked ≥ 7 hours per week who exposed to second hand smoke | 766/1901 | 512/1452 | 403/1377 | 397/1263 | 230/704 |
| 40.3% (38.1%-42.5%) | 35.3% (32.8%-37.8%) | 29.3% (26.9%-31.8%) | 31.4% (28.9%-34.1%) | 23.7% (29.2%-36.3%) | |
| At least 1 person (excluding subject) who smoked in the home | 855/5556 | 719/5553 | 683/5760 | 640/6210 | 373/5310 |
| 15.4% (14.5%-16.4%) | 13.0% (12.1%-13.9%) | 11.9% (11.0%-12.7%) | 10.3% (9.6%-11.1%) | 7.0% (6.4%-7.8%) | |
| Drugs | |||||
| Use any illegal drug or drug not prescribed for them | 3425/10027* | N/A | 105/9407 | 63/9216 | 26/7163 |
| 34.2% (33.2%-35.1%) | N/A | 1.1 (0.9%-1.4%) | 0.7% (0.5%-0.9%)‡ | 0.4% (0.2%-0.5%)‡ | |
| Use opioid (narcotics- heroin- methadone) | 632/3425 | N/A | 5/105 | 2/63 | 5/26 |
| 18.5% (17.2%-19.8%) | N/A | 4.8% (1.6%-10.8%) | 3.2% (0.4%-11.0%) | 19.2% (6.6%-39.4%) |
*
Have you EVER used illegal drugs or drugs not prescribed for you?
†
Compared to the first trimester- all p-values were < 0.001.
‡
Compared to the second trimester- all p-values were < 0.001
Data are reported as n/N and % (95%CI) responding yes.
N/A= not asked at the visit