Table 5. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics at the time of their intubation of survivors vs. non-survivors over the 90-day follow-up amongst the population that was transferred to the ICU during the hospital stay.
| 90-day survival | 90-day mortality | HR | 95%CI | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 22) | (N = 51) | ||||
| Patient Characteristics | |||||
| Female gender | 12/22 (54.5) | 22/51 (69.9) | 0.91 | 0.51–1.6 | 0.733 |
| Age | 58.5 (40.8–71.3) | 72 (61–80) | 1.021 | 1–1.04 | 0.022 |
| With spouse* | 10/20 (50) | 33/47 (70.1) | 2.19 | 1-15-4.19 | 0.017 |
| With offspring* | 15/21 (71.4) | 39/51 (76.5) | 1.34 | 0.682.62 | 0.398 |
| Charlson score | 2 (1–6) | 6 (3–7) | 1.14 | 1.05–1.24 | 0.003 |
| Intubation Information | |||||
| Main Indication | |||||
| Respiratory | 12/22 (54.5) | 31/51 (60.8) | ref | ref | ref |
| Neurological | 9/22 (40.9) | 12/51 (23.5) | 0.75 | 0.37–1.49 | 0.406 |
| Cardiac arrest | 1/22 (4.5) | 8/51 (15.7) | 1.21 | 0.55–2.66 | 0.634 |
| Location | |||||
| Emergency Dpt | 12/22 (54.5) | 8/51 (15.7) | ref | ref | ref |
| Ward | 10/22 (45.5) | 38/51 (74.5) | 2.51 | 1.11–5.65 | 0.027 |
| Other | 0/22 (0) | 5/22 (9.8) | 5.79 | 1.8–18.68 | 0.003 |
| On weekdays | 14/22 (63.6) | 37/22 (72.5) | 1.31 | 0.7–2.43 | 0.403 |
| Hospital status | |||||
| Normal night | 6/22 (27.3) | 18/51 (35.3) | ref | ref | ref |
| On-call night | 14/22 (63.6) | 17/51 (33.3) | 0.6 | 0.31–1.19 | 0.143 |
| Morning shift | 2/22 (9.1) | 16/61 (31.4) | 1.34 | 0.66–2.7 | 0.415 |
| Emergency indication | 9/22 (40.9) | 20/51 (39.2) | 1.23 | 0.69–2.19 | 0.486 |
| Circulatory support | 0/22 (0) | 13/51 (25.5) | 4.02 | 2.07–7.8 | <0.001 |
| Infection | |||||
| No infection | 17/22 (77.3) | 32/51 (62.7) | ref | ref | ref |
| Community | 5/22 (22.7) | 9/51 (17.6) | 0.9 | 0.43–1.9 | 0.782 |
| Nosocomial | 0/22 (0) | 10/51 (19.6) | 3.54 | 1.64–7.63 | 0.001 |
| Septic Shock | 0/22 (0) | 10/51 (19.6) | 2.85 | 1.36–5.97 | 0.005 |
| Vital signs and laboratory values immediately before intubation | |||||
| Heart rate (bpm) | 106.5 (91.8–116.3) | 93 (85–113.8) | 1 | 0.99–1.01 | 0.993 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 90 (86.7–97.5) | 81.7 (61.3–97.5) | 0.99 | 0.98–0.99 | 0.009 |
| Temperature (°C) | 36.6 (36.5–37.3) | 36.6 (36.2–37.1) | 0.89 | 0.63–1.26 | 0.503 |
| RR (/min) | 30 (14.5–40) | 29 (17.8–35) | 0.99 | 0.98–1.02 | 0.782 |
| Blood pH | 7.33 (7.21–7.4) | 7.23 (7.15–7.4) | 0.59 | 0.14–2.57 | 0.483 |
| PO2/FiO2 | 189 (95.8–330) | 113.5 (73–220.5) | 0.99 | 0.99–1 | 0.055 |
| GCS | 10 (3.8–15) | 11 (5–14) | 0.99 | 0.94–1.06 | 0.897 |
| Henatocrit (%) | 35.8 (34.4–38.7) | 32.6 (28–38.9) | 0.944 | 0.91–0.98 | 0.006 |
| White blood cells (x 109/L) | 10.6 (5.8–15.7) | 13.7 (7.4–18.9) | 1.01 | 1–1.03 | 0.055 |
| Neutropenia | 0/22 (0) | 1/51 (2) | 11.2 | 1.35–93.1 | 0.025 |
| Platelet count (x 109/L) | 216 (190–268.3) | 191 (108–309) | 0.99 | 0.99–1 | 0.093 |
| >150 | 20/22 (90.9) | 33/51 (64.7) | rerf | ref | ref |
| 100–149 | 2/22 (9.1) | 6/51 (11.8) | 1.45 | 0.6–3.5 | 0.405 |
| 50–99 | 0/22 (0) | 5/51 (9.8) | 5.5 | 2.04–14.8 | 0.001 |
| 20–49 | 0/22 (0) | 4/51 (7.8) | 3.03 | 1.07–8.63 | 0.038 |
| <20 | 0/22 (0) | 3/51 (5.9) | 18.67 | 4.67–74.66 | <0.001 |
| Serum Creatinine (μmol/L) | 69 (52.2–98.1) | 110.5 (65.4–149.4) | 1.43 | 1.15–1.78 | 0.002 |
| Serum Sodium (mmol/L) | 139 (135–142) | 139 (136–146) | 1 | 0.97–1.04 | 0.851 |
| Serum Potassium (mmol/L) | 4.3 (3.7–5.1) | 4.3 (3.8–4.9) | 0.944 | 0.67–1.33 | 0.743 |
| Serum Bilirubin (μmol/L) | 8.2 (5–14.7) | 9.1 (6.8–26.3) | 1.47 | 1.15–1.87 | 0.002 |
| Serum Glucose (mmol/L) | 7.83 (6.41–10) | 8 (6.5–10.8) | 1.003 | 1–1.005 | 0.064 |
| Serum Albumin (g/L) | 35.2 ± 6.3 | 31 ± 7.8 | 0.68 | 0.46–1.03 | 0.067 |
| Predictive Scores | |||||
| APACHE II | 14.5 (11.3–20) | 24.5 (21–31_ | 1.1 | 1.06–1.14 | <0.001 |
| APACHE III | 57.5 (30.8–79) | 91.5 (76.8–117.3) | 1.02 | 1.01–1.03 | <0.001 |
| APACHE IV | 53 (34.8–72.8) | 83 (67.8–98.3) | 1.02 | 1.01–1.03 | <0.001 |
| SAPS II | 34.5 (29.8–47) | 53 (43.8–64.5) | 1.04 | 1.02–1.05 | <0.001 |
| SAPS III | 59 (46.8–67.3) | 75.5 (67–86.3) | 1.07 | 1.04–1.09 | <0.001 |
| SOFA | 3 (2–4.8) | 7.5 (5–11_ | 1.31 | 1.02–1.4 | <0.001 |
| MPM II Day 0 mortality (%) | 22.8 (14.5–32.8) | 53.2 (28.2–73.1) | 1.03 | 1.02–1.04 | <0.001 |
| MPM III Day 0 mortality (%) | 17.2 (9.4–30.8) | 58.3 (23–86.1) | 1.02 | 1.01–1.03 | <0.001 |
| Transfer >1 day after intubation | 22/22 (100) | 40/51 (78.4) | 2.69 | 1.31–5.5 | 0.007 |
Univariate analysis using Cox proportional hazard regression. One patient was lost during follow-up and thus 73 patients were included out of the 74 that were transferred to ICUs.
*Some data is missing because some patients did not stay in our hospital long enough to collect information regarding their family status. Categorical variables presented as n/N (%), continuous variables presented as mean ± SD or median [25th–75th percentile]. Ref: reference, GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale, Dpt: Department, ICU: Intensive Care Unit, bpm: beats per minute, MAP: Mean arterial pressure, RR: respiratory rate, APACHE: Acute Physiology Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation, SAPS: Simplified Acute Physiology Score, SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, MPM: Mortality Prediction Model.