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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Dec 16.
Published in final edited form as: Dev Cell. 2019 Nov 14;51(6):787–803.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.10.017

Figure 3. Infection-induced changes of hemocytes and accumulation of particles at the respiratory epithelia.

Figure 3.

(A-C) Lateral view of adult Drosophila; (A) Model, hemocytes red, (B, C) HmlΔ-GAL4, UAS-GFP (hemocytes red pseudo color), (B) no infection control, (C) Ecc15 injection. (D) External hemocyte quantification, dorsal thorax and anterior abdomen, controls and injected flies; p values of paired 2-tailed t test, *,**,***,or **** corresponding to p≤0.05, 0.01, 0.001, or 0.0001. (E) Total hemocyte counts, control and injected flies. Average and standard deviation; 2-tailed t test shows no statistically significant difference (NS). (F) Total hemocyte counts of flies split in two parts, head and thorax versus abdomen; control and injected flies. Flies were injected into thorax or abdomen at 5 days post eclosion and assayed at 12h and 6d post injection. Average and standard deviation. (G) qPCR expression levels of Hml and Crq from whole flies, −/+ infection, 48h post infection. 8 day old adults injected with E.coli at OD 2. (H-M) Injection of fluorescent microbeads (green pseudo color), HmlΔ-GAL4, UAS-GFP (hemocytes, red pseudo color), respiratory epithelia (air sacs, blue). (H, J, L) Injection in thorax, (H) external view, (J) head dissection, (L) thorax cross section. (I, K, M) Injection in abdomen, (I) external view, (K) head dissection, (M) thorax cross section. (N-Q) Injection of fluorescent E. coli bioparticles (green), HmlΔ-DsRed for head dissections or HmlΔ-DsRednls for cryosections (hemocytes, red), respiratory epithelia (air sacs, blue). (N, P) Injection in thorax, (N) head dissection, (P) thorax cross section. (O, Q) Injection in abdomen, (O) head dissection, (Q) thorax cross section. (R) Injection of pHrodo E. coli bioparticles into HmlΔ-DsRed adults; % of hemocytes positive for pHrodo bioparticles from head, thorax and abdomen 4 h post injection. Mean and standard deviation; one-way ANOVA shows no statistically significant difference (NS). (S) Dissected respiratory epithelia of the head from adults HmlΔ-DsRed (hemocytes, red) injected with pHrodo E. coli bioparticles (green) 4 hours post injection. (T-V) Examples of hemocytes with incorporated pHrodo bioparticles isolated from head, thorax, abdomen, corresponding to (R).