Table 3. Adjusted average levels of metabolic biomarkers according to the dietary PI quintiles (n = 31,319).
| Metabolic syndrome components1) | Quintile of PI | P for trend | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | ||
| Waist circumstance (cm) | 80.91 ± 0.17 | 80.76 ± 0.17 | 80.69 ± 0.17 | 80.44 ± 0.17 | 80.62 ± 0.16 | 0.100 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) | 94.66 ± 0.27 | 94.46 ± 0.25 | 94.47 ± 0.25 | 93.94 ± 0.26 | 93.90 ± 0.28 | 0.020 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 138.14 ± 1.83 | 135.93 ± 1.94 | 133.64 ± 1.88 | 129.56 ± 1.79 | 126.57 ± 1.57 | < 0.001 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 49.58 ± 0.20 | 49.20 ± 0.20 | 49.22 ± 0.20 | 49.18 ± 0.20 | 49.32 ± 0.21 | 0.500 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 116.39 ± 0.23 | 115.68 ± 0.24 | 115.48 ± 0.24 | 115.10 ± 0.24 | 115.06 ± 0.25 | < 0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 75.44 ± 0.17 | 75.05 ± 0.17 | 74.97 ± 0.18 | 74.57 ± 0.17 | 74.84 ± 0.17 | 0.003 |
PI, phytochemical index; Q, quintile; HDL, high-density lipoprotein.
1)Values are adjusted for age, sex, education level, household income, smoking status, alcohol drinking, and physical activity level.