Table 3. Korean customers' perception of the attributes of different formats of menu labeling (n = 279).

Attributes	Menu labeling format1)		F	P	Duncan test
Usefulness	Type 1	2.72 ± 0.88	2.467	0.025*	1,7,3 < 2,5,6,4
	Type 2	2.97 ± 0.89
	Type 3	2.78 ± 0.86
	Type 4	3.33 ± 0.92
	Type 5	3.11 ± 0.84
	Type 6	3.16 ± 0.84
	Type 7	2.76 ± 0.81
Ease-of-understanding	Type 1	2.74 ± 0.89	1.644	0.136	-
	Type 2	3.00 ± 0.89
	Type 3	2.64 ± 0.83
	Type 4	3.08 ± 0.91
	Type 5	3.10 ± 0.90
	Type 6	3.11 ± 0.85
	Type 7	2.95 ± 0.77
Attractiveness	Type 1	2.64 ± 1.00	2.807	0.012*	1,3 < 5,7,2 < 6,4
	Type 2	3.04 ± 0.83
	Type 3	2.86 ± 0.83
	Type 4	3.35 ± 0.81
	Type 5	3.01 ± 1.01
	Type 6	3.35 ± 0.73
	Type 7	3.03 ± 0.83
Clarity	Type 1	2.43 ± 0.80	2.031	0.062	-
	Type 2	2.74 ± 0.86
	Type 3	2.69 ± 0.74
	Type 4	3.12 ± 0.86
	Type 5	2.89 ± 0.88
	Type 6	2.87 ± 0.91
	Type 7	2.71 ± 0.86

Data are shown as mean ± SD.

¹⁾5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree).

^*P < 0.05.