Table 2. Changes in anthropometrics measurements of the participating moderate to severe obese children and adolescents.
| Variable | Adherent1) (n = 34) | Non-adherent2) (n = 32) | P3) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Follow-up | Δ Change (%) | Baseline | Follow-up | Δ Change (%) | ||
| Height (cm) | 156.9 ± 9.21) | 158.8 ± 9.2*** | 1.9 (1.2) | 157.2 ± 10.6 | 158.8 ± 10.1*** | 1.6 (1.0) | 0.087 |
| Weight (kg) | 72.0 ± 14.1 | 71.8 ± 13.6 | −0.2 (−0.3) | 76.2 ± 19.9 | 79.4 ± 19.9*** | 3.3 (4.3) | 0.000 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.0 ± 3.7 | 28.3 ± 3.6*** | −0.7 (−2.4) | 30.2 ± 4.8 | 30.2 ± 7.0 | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.000 |
| BMI-z | 2.8 ± 0.9 | 2.6 ± 0.8*** | −0.3 (−8.7) | 3.1 ± 0.9 | 3.3 ± 0.9*** | 0.1 (4.2) | 0.000 |
| WC (cm) | 94.4 ± 10.0 | 92.0 ± 11.1** | −2.4 (−2.5) | 95.5 ± 11.7 | 97.1 ± 13.4 | 1.6 (1.6) | 0.008 |
| WHR | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.584 |
| LBM (kg) | 42.4 ± 8.4 | 43.2 ± 8.6* | 0.8 (1.9) | 44.0 ± 11.2 | 45.5 ± 11.1* | 1.4 (3.2) | 0.946 |
| Body fat (kg) | 29.7 ± 6.9 | 28.4 ± 6.8*** | −1.4 (−4.7) | 31.9 ± 9.6 | 33.2 ± 9.9 | 1.4 (4.4) | 0.000 |
| Body fat (%) | 42.3 ± 4.3 | 40.9 ± 4.8*** | −1.5 (−3.5) | 42.9 ± 4.2 | 43.4 ± 5.4 | 0.5 (1.2) | 0.001 |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 125.0 ± 15.1 | 121.4 ± 12.6** | −3.6 (−2.9) | 124.0 ± 15.8 | 125.7 ± 15.5 | 1.7 (1.4) | 0.101 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 65.9 ± 6.1 | 62.2 ± 8.5** | −3.6 (−5.4) | 67.2 ± 8.3 | 65.8 ± 7.0 | −1.5 (2.3) | 0.310 |
Values are means ± SDs.
Significantly different between groups by paired t-test at *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.
1)Adherent: participants with good adherence to the intervention program including attending clinical and nutrition sessions.
2)Non-adherent: participants with poor adherence to the intervention program including attending clinical and nutrition sessions.
BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio; LBM, lean body mass; BP, blood pressure.
3)Group × time interaction effects adjusted for age, sex, mother's and father's education years, and physical activity group in the mixed effects linear regression models (random intercept: individual).