Table 1.
Demographic Characteristics, HIV Testing and Seropositivity, STI Testing, HIV Risk Behaviour, and PrEP Behaviour and Understanding.
| Full Sample (n = 140) n (%) or M (SD) |
Sexually Active (n = 110) n (%) or M (SD) |
|
|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||
| Age (n = 139, n = 110) | 22.76 (2.45) | 22.79 (2.43) |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 67 (47.9) | 46 (41.8) |
| Female | 58 (41.4) | 51 (46.4) |
| Other gender identity | 21 (15) | 18 (16.4) |
| Race and ethnicity | ||
| Black | 41 (29.3) | 36 (32.7) |
| Biracial, multiracial, biethnic, or multiethnic | 37 (26.4) | 25 (22.7) |
| Hispanic or Latinx only | 33 (23.6) | 28 (25.5) |
| White | 11 (7.9) | 7 (6.4) |
| Other race and ethnicity | 18 (12.9) | 14 (12.7) |
| Sexual orientation | ||
| Heterosexual | 78 (55.7) | 60 (54.6) |
| Gay or lesbian | 24 (17.1) | 19 (17.3) |
| Bisexual or pansexual | 23 (16.4) | 21 (19.1) |
| Other sexual orientation | 15 (10.7) | 10 (9.1) |
| Education | ||
| Less than high school | 33 (23.6) | 26 (23.6) |
| High school or GED | 69 (49.3) | 56 (50.9) |
| More than high school | 38 (27.1) | 28 (25.5) |
| Age at first homeless experience (n = 139, n = 109) | 17.13 (4.19) | 17.1 (4.38) |
| Housing tenure (n = 135, n = 106) | ||
| 3 months or less | 27 (20.0) | 22 (20.8) |
| 4–12 months | 39 (28.9) | 29 (27.4) |
| 1–2 years | 51 (37.8) | 41 (38.7) |
| 3 or more years | 18 (13.3) | 14 (13.2) |
| HIV risk behaviour | ||
| Sexually active in past 3 months (n = 139) | 110 (79.1) | -- |
| Types of sexual activity (past 3 months) | ||
| Unprotected vaginal or anal sex (n = 106) | -- | 67 (63.2) |
| Unprotected vaginal or anal sex with non-serious partner (n = 106) | -- | 31 (29.3) |
| Unprotected vaginal or anal sex with no HIV status talk before (n = 106) | -- | 25 (23.6) |
| Sex under the influence half the time or more (n = 100) | -- | 30 (30.0) |
| More than one partner in past 3 months (n = 99) | -- | 40 (40.4) |
| Exchange sex (n = 105) | -- | 11 (10.5) |
| Injection drug use ever (n = 125, n = 100) | 3 (2.4) | 3 (3.0) |
| Injection drug use (past 30 days) | 1 (0.8) | 1 (1.0) |
| HIV testing (if never tested positive) | ||
| Last HIV test (n = 133, n = 107) | ||
| Past 3 months | 57 (42.9) | 50 (46.7) |
| Past year | 104 (78.2) | 85 (79.4) |
| Received posttest counselling at last test (n = 122, n = 100) | 52 (42.6) | 43 (43.0) |
| Never received results of last HIV test | 8 (6.6) | 6 (6.0) |
| HIV seropositivity and treatment | ||
| Self-reported HIV seropositivity (n = 139) | 6 (4.3) | 3 (2.7) |
| Engagement in treatment (HIV+ sample only; n = 6) | ||
| Currently seeing a doctor for HIV care | 3 (50.0) | 1 (33.3) |
| Currently taking ARV medication | 3 (50.0) | 1 (33.3) |
| STI testing | ||
| Tested in the past 3 months (n = 139, n = 109) | 55 (39.6) | 45 (41.3) |
| Positive test (ever, among those tested; n = 115, n = 92) | ||
| Chlamydia | 25 (21.7) | 22 (23.9) |
| Gonorrhoea | 15 (13.0) | 12 (13.0) |
| Herpes | 6 (5.2) | 5 (5.4) |
| Genital warts or HPV | 2 (1.7) | 1 (1.1) |
| Syphilis | 8 (7.0) | 6 (6.5) |
| Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) | ||
| PrEP knowledge (n = 139, n = 109) | ||
| Never heard of it | 68 (48.9) | 58 (53.2) |
| Heard of it, but don’t know what it is | 16 (11.5) | 11 (10.1) |
| Know a little bit | 35 (25.2) | 24 (22.0) |
| Know a lot | 20 (14.4) | 16 (14.7) |
| Source of PrEP knowledge (n = 140, n = 101) | ||
| Doctor | 30 (42.3) | 25 (49.0) |
| Counsellor or case worker | 27 (38.0) | 21 (41.2) |
| Research study or intervention | 21 (29.6) | 15 (29.4) |
| Advertisement | 19 (26.8) | 13 (25.5) |
| Internet | 16 (22.5) | 11 (21.6) |
| Friend | 15 (21.1) | 12 (23.5) |
| Family member | 7 (9.9) | 5 (9.8) |
| Sexual or romantic partner | 7 (9.9) | 5 (9.8) |
| Other | 5 (7.0) | 1 (2.0) |
| Been prescribed PrEP | 9 (6.4) | 6 (5.5) |
| Currently taking PrEP (of those prescribed; n = 9, n = 6) | 6 (66.7) | 4 (66.7) |
| Interest in taking PrEP (n = 115, n = 90) | 48 (41.7) | 38 (42.2) |
| Perceived barriers to taking PrEP (n = 90, n = 68) | ||
| Not at risk of HIV | 52 (57.8) | 39 (57.4) |
| Concern about side effects | 22 (24.4) | 16 (23.5) |
| Don’t know enough about it | 19 (21.1) | 12 (17.7) |
| Too expensive | 12 (13.3) | 7 (10.3) |
| Use other protection methods | 11 (12.2) | 10 (14.7) |
| Don’t like taking any type of medication | 9 (10.0) | 5 (7.4) |
| Too difficult to go to the doctor | 6 (6.7) | 2 (2.9) |
| Too much effort to take daily pill | 6 (6.7) | 4 (5.9) |
| Wouldn’t want anyone to know, stigma (n = 84, n = 63) | 4 (4.8) | 3 (4.8) |