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Biosynthesis of nitric oxide. NO is produced by three nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms: neuronal, endothelial, and inducible (nNOS, eNOS, and iNOS) that catalyze the oxidation of l-arginine to l-citrulline, the enzymatic pathway. NO is also produced through reduction of nitrite/nitrate under low oxygen conditions, the non-enzymatic pathway. [O] = oxidation, and [H] = reduction.
