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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Adolesc Health. 2020 Jan 25;66(6):672–683. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.12.006

Table 3.

Characteristics associated with prevalence of insertive and receptive CAI among YGBMSM

Any Insertive CAI Any Receptive CAI
Variable Level Estimate (95% CI) P-value Estimate (95% CI) P-value
Demographics
Age 1.03 (0.92,1.14) .636 1.11 (1.01,1.22) .035
Current Gender Identity
(ref: Male)
Female, trans female 0.95 (0.16,5.74) .957
Other 0.60 (0.19,1.84) .369
Sexual Identity
(ref: Gay)
Bisexual 0.96 (0.54,1.70) .880 0.79 (0.47,1.31) .360
Other 0.37 (0.07,2.15) .270 0.28 (0.05,1.58) .150
Hispanic/Latino Yes 0.98 (0.56,1.72) .938 1.18 (0.78,1.78) .425
Racial Identification (ref: White) African American/Black 0.52 (0.20,1.38) .188 1.15 (0.53,2.49) .722
Other 0.57 (0.28,1.15) .116 0.67 (0.33,1.35) .262
In a committed relationship Yes 2.19 (1.39,3.44) .001 1.55 (1.09,2.19) .014
Highest Education
(ref: <12th grade)
Completed high school/GED, some technical/college 0.96 (0.54,1.72) .898 1.10 (0.66,1.83) .716
College/technical degree or more 1.19 (0.53,2.71) .673 1.69 (0.90,3.17) .099
Economic
Currently employed Yes 0.81 (0.52,1.25) .341 0.85 (0.59,1.22) .375
Yearly income
(ref: <$11,999)
$12,000+ 0.95 (0.52,1.73) .864 0.87 (0.53,1.45) .602
Don’t know/Refuse 0.80 (0.33,1.95) .628 0.60 (0.25,1.42) .242
Life Stressors
Homeless for one night or more (3 mo)? Yes 0.87 (0.52,1.46) .595 1.12 (0.76,1.64) .574
Ever been incarcerated? Yes 1.03 (0.61,1.74) .913 1.25 (0.85,1.83) .251
Social Media Use
Number of social media accounts
(ref: none)
1–3 0.93 (0.41,2.07) .850 1.41 (0.53,3.70) .490
4–6 0.84 (0.38,1.85) .668 1.44 (0.56,3.72) .448
7–9 0.79 (0.26,2.36) .674 1.87 (0.65,5.42) .249
Frequency of visit to social media accounts (in last month)
(ref: less than weekly)
Weekly 2.14 (0.94,4.87) .070 2.48 (0.89,6.87) .081
Daily 0.95 (0.42,2.14) .906 1.72 (0.66,4.51) .268
Used internet to search for a sex partner (3 mo.)? Yes 1.22 (0.78,1.90) .381 1.53 (1.07,2.19) .021
Frequency going online for sex partners (past month)?
(ref: less than weekly)
Weekly 1.34 (0.72,2.50) .351 1.21 (0.73,2.00) .463
Daily 1.16 (0.61,2.20) .656 1.37 (0.87,2.15) .173
Mental Health
Depressed Yes 0.98 (0.63,1.53) .935 0.93 (0.64,1.34) .690
Moderate/Severe Anxiety Yes 1.15 (0.72,1.85) .556 1.26 (0.88,1.80) .212
Substance Use
Problematic Substance Use Yes 1.31 (0.82,2.07) .257 1.54 (1.05,2.28) .028
Ever used alcohol Yes 1.60 (0.67,3.86) .291 1.62 (0.80,3.28) .183
Alcohol daily/almost daily Yes 0.33 (0.05,2.06) .235 1.47 (0.78,2.77) .239
Ever used marijuana Yes 1.45 (0.82,2.57) .196 1.90 (1.11,3.26) .020
Marijuana daily/almost daily Yes 1.01 (0.64,1.59) .977 1.27 (0.90,1.80) .167
Ever used Cocaine/ Amphetamines/Opioids Yes 0.91 (0.49,1.67) .749 1.54 (1.04,2.28) .031
HIV Health and Medication Adherence
New-to-care vs. Non-adherent New-to-care 1.31 (0.82,2.07) .257 1.54 (1.05,2.28) .028
HIV Transmission Beliefs
If VL is low/undetectable I’m less likely to infect someone w/ HIV Yes 1.53 (0.96,2.41) .071 1.19 (0.83,1.70) .353
I practice safer sex less often because new medical treatments for HIV/AIDS have come along Yes 1.06 (0.68,1.66) .789 1.36 (0.95,1.94) .090
I am less concerned about using condoms w/ a partner who is also HIV+ Yes 1.71 (1.10,2.64) .017 1.42 (1.00,2.03) .052
I am more concerned about using condoms with HIV− or unknown status partners when VL is detectable Yes 0.96 (0.60,1.53) .861 1.03 (0.70,1.51) .891
A partner who doesn’t seem interested in using condoms is probably also HIV+ Yes 1.59 (1.02,2.49) .041 1.43 (1.00,2.03) .048
I look for other HIV+ people to have sex with Yes 2.00 (1.33,3.01) .001 1.82 (1.32,2.52) .000
I will have oral sex w/ /partner to reduce risk of infecting someone Yes 1.33 (0.84,2.10) .220 1.18 (0.82,1.70) .375
Stigma
Internalized Homophobia 2 0.97 (0.54,1.75) .917 1.47 (0.94,2.30) .094
3 0.81 (0.43,1.50) .499 0.75 (0.41,1.36) .339
4+ 1.23 (0.68,2.22) .489 1.67 (1.10,2.55) .017
Rise in homophobia/transphobia (12mo). Agree 1.11 (0.70,1.75) .657 1.26 (0.88,1.80) .209
HIV Stigma (Range: 0–50) -- 1.01 (0.99,1.04) .279 1.00 (0.98,1.02) .938

All regressions adjusted for study site

Estimates found “important” by Random Forests analysis in bold