Table 3.
Measured Parameters Using Conventional 4D Flow and 4D Spiral Flow in Five Normal Volunteers and Four Patients Suffering From Aortic Stenosis.a
| Subject | MRI Modality | Peak Velocity (cm/s) | Time to Peak Velocity (ms) | AV Eject Time (ms) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N1 | Conventional 4D | 168 | 97 | 320 |
| 4D spiral | 180 | 97 | 320 | |
| N2 | Conventional 4D | 132 | 95 | 300 |
| 4D spiral | 161 | 93 | 310 | |
| N3 | Conventional 4D | 139 | 94 | 300 |
| 4D spiral | 139 | 93 | 320 | |
| N4 | Conventional 4D | 142 | 80 | 280 |
| 4D spiral | 168 | 77 | 300 | |
| N5 | Conventional 4D | 179 | 94 | 270 |
| 4D spiral | 184 | 93 | 280 | |
| P1 | Conventional 4D | 252 | 95 | 325 |
| 4D spiral | 266 | 95 | 330 | |
| Doppler | 278 | 140 | 325 | |
| P2 | Conventional 4D | 366 | 154 | 370 |
| 4D spiral | 385 | 154 | 370 | |
| Doppler | 391 | 125 | 340 | |
| P3 | Conventional 4D | 242 | 94 | 320 |
| 4D spiral | 240 | 94 | 310 | |
| Doppler | 217 | 100 | 320 | |
| P4 | Conventional 4D | 278 | 94 | 315 |
| 4D spiral | 277 | 93 | 335 | |
| Doppler | 293 | 95 | 280 |
AV, aortic valve; 4D, four dimensional.
a
In the case of patients, we also report on corresponding Doppler-derived parameters. Peak velocity is peak systolic velocity measured during cardiac cycle. Time to peak is time from first image (slightly after onset of R-wave) to peak measureable systolic velocity. Eject time is effective systolic time measured.