Table 3.
Function of the bone ECM in osteoblasts.
| Bone ECM | Functions in osteoblasts | Mechanism | Cell/Mice model | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type I collagen | Osteoblast proliferation (−) Osteogenesis (+) |
Denatured forms of collagen | MG63 cells | (Tsai et al., 2010) |
| Type III collagen | Osteogenesis and mineralization (+) | Regulate type I collagen, BSP, and OCN | Col3−/− mice | (Volk et al., 2014) |
| Osteonectin | Osteoblast number and differentiation (+); bone formation (+) | Regulate collagen fibrillogenesis | Osteonectin−/− mice | (Rosset and Bradshaw, 2016) |
| Keratocan | Osteoblast number and differentiation (+); bone formation (+) | Regulate collagen fibrillogenesis | Keratocan−/− mice | (Igwe et al., 2011) |
| TSP1 | Osteoblast mineralization (−) | Regulate collagen fibrillogenesis | MC3T3-E1 cells | (Ueno et al., 2006) |
| TSP2 | Osteoblast mineralization (+) | Organization of osteoblast-derived ECM | MC3T3-E1 cells | (Alford et al., 2010) |
| BSP | Osteoblast differentiation and early bone mineralization (+) | FAK and other extracellular kinases | BSP−/− mice | (Holm et al., 2015) |
| OPN | Osteoblast osteogenesis and mineralization (−) | BMP-2, phosphate-dependent manner | MC3T3-E1 cells | (Huang et al., 2004; Singh et al., 2018) |
| OCN | Osteoblast mineralization (−) | – | OCN−/− mice | (Zoch et al., 2016) |
| MGP | Osteoblast differentiation and mineralization (+) | Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway | MG63 cells | (Zhang J. et al., 2019) |
| R-spondin2 | Osteoblast differentiation (+) | Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway | Ocn-Cre; Rspo2fl/fl mice | (Knight et al., 2018) |
| Periostin | Osteoblast differentiation and bone formation (+) | Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway | (Merle and Garnero, 2012) |