Table 1.
The positive rate of depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents of stratified by gender (%).
| Variables | Male (n = 7,347) | Female (n = 7,153) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Depressive symptoms (%) | χ2 | p | N | Depressive symptoms (%) | χ2 | p | ||
| Age(year) | 10–15 | 4,230 | 1,233 (29.1) | 0.447 | 0.504 | 4,557 | 1,250 (27.4) | 10.127 | 0.001 |
| 16–20 | 3,117 | 931 (29.9) | 2,596 | 804 (31.0) | |||||
| Grade | 1 | 1,133 | 270 (23.8) | 26.294 | <0.001 | 1,291 | 288 (22.3) | 25.802 | <0.001 |
| 2 | 1,210 | 301 (24.9) | 1,206 | 310 (25.7) | |||||
| 3 | 1,194 | 336 (28.1) | 1,213 | 312 (25.7) | |||||
| 4 | 1,189 | 372 (31.3) | 1,244 | 377 (30.3) | |||||
| 5 | 1,220 | 374 (30.7) | 1,198 | 347 (29.0) | |||||
| 6 | 1,401 | 388 (27.7) | 1,001 | 277 (27.7) | |||||
| Residence | Rural | 3,443 | 1,034 (30.0) | 16.377 | <0.001 | 3,438 | 948 (27.6) | 2.49 | 0.115 |
| City | 3,904 | 1,007 (25.8) | 3,715 | 963 (25.9) | |||||
| The only child in the family | Yes | 2,767 | 762 (27.5) | 0.129 | 0.720 | 1,902 | 477 (25.1) | 3.547 | 0.060 |
| No | 4,580 | 1,279 (27.9) | 5,251 | 1,434 (27.3) | |||||
| Boarding school | Yes | 3,506 | 911 (26.0) | 10.782 | 0.001 | 3,324 | 883 (26.6) | 0.073 | 0.787 |
| No | 3,841 | 1,130 (29.4) | 3,829 | 1,028 (26.8) | |||||
| Father’s education level ★ | Illiteracy | 281 | 111 (39.5) | 77.578 | <0.001 | 283 | 104 (36.7) | 43.422 | <0.001 |
| Elementary school | 663 | 226 (34.1) | 788 | 216 (27.4) | |||||
| Secondary school | 2,333 | 668 (28.6) | 2,373 | 674 (28.4) | |||||
| High school | 2,146 | 556 (25.9) | 1,974 | 481 (24.4) | |||||
| The university | 1,832 | 433 (23.6) | 1,647 | 397 (24.1) | |||||
| Mother’s education level • | Illiteracy | 561 | 193 (34.4) | 67.46 | <0.001 | 608 | 210 (34.5) | 50.5 | <0.001 |
| Elementary school | 996 | 303 (30.4) | 1,004 | 294 (29.3) | |||||
| Secondary school | 2,266 | 628 (27.7) | 2,398 | 637 (26.6) | |||||
| High school | 1,980 | 534 (27.0) | 1,806 | 438 (24.3) | |||||
| The university | 1,461 | 336 (23.0) | 1,274 | 301 (23.6) | |||||
| Self-perceived socioeconomic status | Worse | 832 | 310 (37.3) | 698 | 294 (42.1) | 179.643 | <0.001 | ||
| Poor | 334 | 165 (49.4) | 148.276 | <0.001 | 175 | 92 (52.6) | |||
| Medium | 4,821 | 1,232 (25.6) | 5,189 | 1,298 (25.0) | |||||
| Good | 241 | 83 (34.4) | 172 | 51 (29.7) | |||||
| Better | 1,119 | 251 (22.4) | 919 | 176 (19.2) | |||||
| The number of close friend | 0 | 291 | 182 (62.5) | 319.523 | <0.001 | 146 | 88 (60.3) | 254.791 | <0.001 |
| 1–2 | 1,355 | 524 (38.7) | 1,744 | 650 (37.3) | |||||
| 3–5 | 2,846 | 720 (25.3) | 3,305 | 804 (24.3) | |||||
| ≥6 | 2,855 | 615 (21.5) | 1,958 | 369 (18.8) | |||||
★
There are 180 adolescents（92 male students, 88 female students）without fathers.
•
There are 146 adolescents (83 male students, 63 female students) without mothers.
Values in parentheses represent the positive rate of depressive symptoms.