TABLE 7a.

Most frequently occurring subtypes of spelling errors within triple-code categories for Chinese.

Spelling error measure	Total n	Rank 1	Rank 2	Rank 3
Other errors	1908	Substitution by irrelevant word/non-word (OC1 − n = 1304)	No response (OC2 − n = 604)
Morphological-semantic	243	Substitution of homophone (MC2 − n = 108)	Morpheme omission (MC3 − n = 79)	Substitution of semantically related character (MC1 − n = 56)
Graphemic-orthographic	219	Addition, omission or protrusion of strokes (GC3 − n = 171)	Similar formed or structured character substitution (GC2 − n = 39)	Reconfiguration of characters or components of characters (GC1 − n = 9)
Phonological errors	39	Phonetic radical addition, substitution or omission (PC1 − n = 39)	Similar sounding character/word substitution (PC2 – n = 0)

n, number of errors across the full sample of Chinese-speaking participants.