TABLE 4.

Mental steps that are necessary for answering each question.

		Required for answering
	Visualization	Question for a conditional probability/frequency	Question for a joint probability/frequency
Probabilities	Bayesian text	Genuine inference necessary	Genuine inference necessary
	2 × 2 table	Genuine inference necessary	Choose a number (probability)
	double-tree	Choose a number (probability)	Genuine inference necessary
	net diagram	Choose a number (probability)	Choose a number (probability)
Frequencies	Bayesian text	Genuine inference necessary	Genuine inference necessary
	2 × 2 table	Choose a pair of numbers (frequencies)	Choose a pair of numbers (frequencies)
	double-tree	Choose a pair of numbers (frequencies)	Choose a pair of numbers (frequencies)
	net diagram	Choose a pair of numbers (frequencies)	Choose a pair of numbers (frequencies)