Surge level (beds required)
	Additional physical ICU beds	Additional physical beds and bed spaces outside ICU	All identified surge beds
Additional senior medical staff required (baseline number: 1671*)
Best case (increase from baseline staffing)	363 (22%)	1856 (111%)	2623 (157%)
Worst case (increase from baseline staffing)	568 (34%)	2896 (173%)	4092 (245%)
Additional registered nurses required (baseline number: 15 857*)
Best case (increase from baseline staffing)	3449 (22%)	17 614 (111%)	24 895 (157%)
Worst case (increase from baseline staffing)	5918 (37%)	30 158 (190%)	42 720 (269%)

^*Estimated by extrapolating Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Critical Care Resources registry data for the respondent ICUs to all 2378 available Australian ICU beds. For assumptions underlying best and worst case scenarios, see Methods.