Table 2.
Factors influencing adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) patients’ overall survival
| Univariate analyses (all) | Multivariate analyses (all) | Multivariate analyses (localized, non-metastatic) | ||||||||
| N | HR | 95% | P | HR | 95% | P | HR | 95% | P | |
| Age | – | 0.99 | 0.97 to 1.01 | 0.423 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Sex | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||
| Female | 75 | |||||||||
| Male | 32 | 1.02 | 0.58 to 1.81 | 0.937 | ||||||
| ENSAT stage | ||||||||||
| I/II | 47 | |||||||||
| III | 38 | 1.77 | 0.93 to 3.37 | 0.081 | 1.36 | 0.58 to 3.14 | 0.479 | 1.29 | 0.54 to 3.13 | 0.568 |
| IV | 20 | 5.28 | 2.63 to 10.57 | <0.001 | 4.41 | 1.41 to 13.85 | 0.011 | |||
| Resection stage | ||||||||||
| R0/RX | 59 | |||||||||
| RI/II | 34 | 4.94 | 2.42 to 7.98 | <0.001 | 2.20 | 0.94 to 5.13 | 0.070 | 2.67 | 0.97 to 7.36 | 0.057 |
| Ki67 tumor index | ||||||||||
| 0%–19% | 52 | |||||||||
| 20%–100% | 41 | 2.14 | 1.17 to 3.92 | 0.014 | 2.53 | 1.28 to 5.04 | 0.008 | 3.13 | 1.30 to 7.52 | 0.011 |
| Glucocorticoid excess | ||||||||||
| – | 36 | |||||||||
| + | 44 | 1.92 | 1.01 to 3.66 | 0.048 | 1.37 | 0.57 to 3.28 | 0.477 | 1.91 | 0.70 to 5.23 | 0.208 |
| CD3 | ||||||||||
| – | 15 | |||||||||
| + | 92 | 0.47 | 0.25 to 0.87 | 0.016 | 0.55 | 0.23 to 1.30 | 0.173 | 0.19 | 0.06 to 0.57 | 0.003 |
| CD4 | ||||||||||
| – | 27 | |||||||||
| + | 80 | 0.39 | 0.23 to 0.67 | 0.001 | 0.58 | 0.29 to 1.18 | 0.134 | 0.30 | 0.13 to 0.66 | 0.003 |
| CD8 | ||||||||||
| – | 18 | |||||||||
| + | 89 | 0.47 | 0.26 to 0.85 | 0.013 | 0.52 | 0.23 to 1.14 | 0.101 | 0.29 | 0.11 to 0.81 | 0.018 |
| FoxP3 | ||||||||||
| – | 50 | |||||||||
| + |
57 | 0.87 | 0.52 to 1.48 | 0.617 | 0.77 | 0.41 to 1.45 | 0.414 | 0.64 | 0.30 to 1.36 | 0.246 |
| Age | - | 0.97 | 0.95 to 0.99 | 0.003 | – | – | – | |||
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Female | 38 | |||||||||
| Male | 21 | 1.70 | 0.92 to 3.14 | 0.090 | – | – | – | |||
| ENSAT stage | ||||||||||
| I/II | 40 | |||||||||
| III | 19 | 1.56 | 0.84 to 2.92 | 0.162 | – | – | – | |||
| Ki67 tumor index | ||||||||||
| 0-19 % | 33 | |||||||||
| 20-100% | 23 | 4.14 | 2.09 to 8.21 | <0.001 | 3.84 | 1.90 to 7.75 | <0.001 | |||
| Glucocorticoid excess | ||||||||||
| - | 26 | |||||||||
| + | 22 | 1.143 | 0.72 to 2.84 | 0.303 | – | – | – | |||
| CD3 | ||||||||||
| - | 5 | |||||||||
| + | 54 | 0.31 | 0.11 to 0.82 | 0.019 | 0.42 | 0.14 to 1.29 | 0.130 | |||
| CD4 | ||||||||||
| - | 8 | |||||||||
| + | 51 | 0.43 | 0.19 to 0.94 | 0.033 | 0.57 | 0.24 to 1.34 | 0.195 | |||
| CD8 | ||||||||||
| - | 6 | |||||||||
| + | 53 | 0.42 | 0.17 to 1.03 | 0.049 | 0.45 | 0.17 to 1.21 | 0.113 | |||
| FoxP3 | ||||||||||
| - | 25 | |||||||||
| + | 34 | 0.75 | 0.41 to 1.38 | 0.357 | 0.40 | 0.40 to 1.44 | 0.396 | |||
A, for overall survival analysis, only samples from ACC patients with primary tumors and applicable clinical data were included (n=107). For multivariate analyzes, complete available data from 83 (all) and 67 (localized, non-metastatic) ACC tumors were included out of 107 and 86 samples, respectively. Male sex, European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors (ENSAT) stage I/II, low proliferating Ki67 (0% to 19%), lack of glucocorticoid excess were classified as reference category.
B, for recurrence-free survival analysis, only samples from ACC patients with primary, localized tumors, R0/RX-state and applicable clinical data were included (n=59). For multivariate analyzes, complete available data from 56 ACC tumors (all) were included. Low proliferating Ki67 (0% to 19%) was classified as reference category in multivariate analyzes.
In two cases, no data regarding resection and in three cases no data about proliferation state available. Clinical data considering glucocorticoid secretion state was not determined in 11 cases.