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. 2020 Apr 29;13(4):1162–1178. doi: 10.1111/1751-7915.13572

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

Cytokine expression of murine macrophage‐like cells after treatment with glycine‐induced EcNΔflhD MVs.

A. Expression of Il6, Il12p40 and Tnfa mRNA in J774.1 cells treated with the following MVs: non‐induced EcNΔflhD MVs (N), glycine‐induced EcNΔflhD MVs (Gly) and N. meningitidis MVs. Following incubation of cells with MVs (0.01–1 ng of protein) for 2 h, the mRNA levels of Il6, Il12p40 and Tnfa were quantified. Shown are the qPCR data following normalization against the level of Actb.

B. Protein expressions of IL‐6, IL‐12 and TNF‐α in J774.1 cells treated with non‐induced EcNΔflhD MVs (N), glycine‐induced EcNΔflhD MVs (Gly) and N. meningitidis MVs. Following incubation of cells with the MVs (0.01–1 ng of protein) for 12 h, expression levels were quantified by cytokine ELISA. Error bars represent the standard error of the mean of three independent experiments. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison test. Different alphabet superscripts indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).