Fig. 2.

Accumulation of environmental risk factors in young ‘healthy’ flight migrants and their association with level of functioning and psychopathological outcome. (A) Risk accumulation and functional outcome rated by the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale; note the stair-like decrease in daily life functioning in relation to the amount of negative environmental risk experienced. (B) Risk accumulation and severity of psychopathology, rated as composite score of Clinical Global Impression (CGI), total score of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, PANSS, as well as Hamilton and Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Scales; note the stair-like increase in psychopathology with increasing numbers of risks; z-scores adjusted to positive values. Two-sided Kruskal–Wallis H-test and one-sided Jonckheere–Terpstra test for trends (below; italics) presented.