Table 4.

Selective biological techniques for Ibuprofen degradation.

Technique	Techniques	Applications
In Situ degradation	Biosparging Bioventing Bioaugmentation	Biodegradative abilities of indigenous microorganisms in presence of Ibuprofen within environmental parameters Biodegradability of pollutants ibuprofen solubility with geological factors
Ex situ degradation	Land farming (Solid-phase treatment system) Composting (Anaerobic, converts solid organic wastes into humus-like material) Biopiles	Surface application, aerobic process, application of to natural soils followed by irrigation and tilling To make plants healthier good alternative to land filling or incinerating practical and convenient. Surface application, agricultural to municipal waste
Bioreactors	Slurry reactors Aqueous reactors	Bioaugmentat Toxicity of amendments Toxic concentrations of contaminants
Microfiltration	Microfiltration membranes are used at a constant pressure	Waste water treatment; recovery and reuse of more than 90% of original waste water