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. 2020 May 26;11:946. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00946

TABLE 3.

Cognitive strategies of the CERQ.

Cognitve strategies Description of the strategies
Adaptive strategies
Putting into perspective Decrease and relativize the severity of the event
Acceptance To resign and accept the irreversibility of the negative experience
Positive reappraisal Thoughts that highlight some positive aspect of the unpleasant event
Positive refocusing Having pleasent and joyous thougths different from the negative event
Refocus on planning Thinking about how to solve the problem
Maladaptive strategies
Rumiation State of excessive worry by negative thoughts and feelings
Catastrophizing To think about the horrible thing of what happend and conclude that it is the worse experience lived, even compared with what other people have experienced
Self-blame Thoughts that attribute the cause of the negative event and emotion to oneself
Other-blame Make others responsible for the negative event that happened