TABLE 4.
Mean differences on the FEEL-KJ and CERQ emotion regulation strategies scores by gender and age group.
| Gendera |
Age Groupb |
|||||||||
| Emotion regulation strategies | Girls | Boys | tc | p | d | 9–12 years old | 13–16 years old | td | p | d |
| FEEL-KJ Strategies | ||||||||||
| Problem solving | 21.06(4.58) | 20.83(4.66) | –0.366 | 0.715 | –0.050 | 20.87(5.13) | 21.08(4.36) | –0.329 | 0.743 | –0.044 |
| Distraction | 21.09(5.98) | 21.06(6.52) | –0.028 | 0.978 | –0.004 | 21.26(6.86) | 20.76(5.77) | 0.609 | 0.543 | 0.079 |
| Forgetting | 21.23(5.98) | 20.50(6.29) | –0.864 | 0.389 | –0.119 | 21.66(6.28) | 20.17(6.01) | 1.846 | 0.066 | 0.242 |
| Acceptance | 17.16(4.87) | 17.60(4.28) | 0.698 | 0.486 | 0.096 | 17.09(4.89) | 17.62(4.21) | –0.873 | 0.383 | –0.116 |
| Humor Enhancement | 20.30(4.80) | 19.05(4.58) | –1.934 | 0.054 | –0.266 | 19.68(5.00) | 19.63(4.49) | 0.083 | 0.934 | 0.010 |
| Cognitive Problem Solving | 21.49(4.57) | 19.62(5.48) | –2.677 | 0.008 | –0.369 | 20.33(5.37) | 20.85(4.79) | –0.782 | 0.435 | –0.102 |
| Revaluation | 16.20(4.87) | 15.76(4.85) | –0.649 | 0.517 | –0.089 | 15.44(5.21) | 16.39(4.46) | –1.494 | 0.137 | –0.196 |
| Giving Up | 15.07(4.74) | 14.40(4.54) | –1.041 | 0.299 | –0.143 | 14.6(4.82) | 14.63(4.52) | –0.040 | 0.968 | –0.006 |
| Withdrawal | 13.34(5.81) | 12.97(5.37) | –0.481 | 0.631 | –0.066 | 12.81(5.87) | 13.57(5.23) | –1.031 | 0.303 | –0.137 |
| Rumination | 19.54(4.66) | 17.39(4.51) | –3.395 | 0.001 | –0.468 | 17.92(4.29) | 18.79(5.03) | –1.416 | 0.158 | –0.187 |
| Self-Devaluation | 17.57(4.54) | 17.05(4.23) | –0.866 | 0.387 | –0.119 | 17.22(4.57) | 17.52(4.21) | –0.524 | 0.601 | –0.068 |
| Aggressive Actions | 13.09(4.98) | 11.37(4.31) | –2.69 | 0.008 | –0.371 | 11.94(4.82) | 12.3(4.57) | –0.577 | 0.565 | –0.077 |
| Expression | 16.43(6.68) | 13.33(4.83) | –3.883 | <0.001 | –0.535 | 14.38(5.76) | 15.25(6.12) | –1.118 | 0.265 | –0.146 |
| Social Support | 20.10(6.88) | 16.98(6.43) | –3.401 | 0.001 | –0.469 | 18.19(6.32) | 18.87(7.05) | –0.769 | 0.442 | –0.101 |
| Emotional Control | 16.77(5.25) | 17.30(5.41) | 0.718 | 0.473 | 0.099 | 17.09(5.71) | 17.05(4.92) | 0.059 | 0.953 | 0.007 |
| CERQ Strategies | ||||||||||
| Self-Blame | 9.55(3.30) | 10.18(3.37) | 1.369 | 0.172 | 0.192 | 9.08(3.44) | 10.44(3.25) | –3.065 | 0.002 | –0.406 |
| Acceptance | 11.28(3.403) | 11.56(3.29) | 0.593 | 0.554 | 0.083 | 10.77(3.39) | 11.91(3.36) | –2.535 | 0.012 | –0.337 |
| Rumination | 13.06(3.77) | 12.07(3.57) | –1.926 | 0.056 | –0.269 | 12.04(3.77) | 12.83(3.65) | –1.588 | 0.114 | –0.212 |
| Positive Refocusing | 12.10(4.92) | 11.97(4.33) | –0.203 | 0.840 | –0.028 | 13.08(4.59) | 11.27(4.41) | 3.039 | 0.003 | 0.402 |
| Refocusing on Planning | 14.20(3.83) | 13.20(3.49) | –1.942 | 0.054 | –0.272 | 12.97(3.69) | 14.37(3.53) | –2.896 | 0.004 | –0.387 |
| Positive Reappraisal | 12.44(3.84) | 11.88(3.54) | –1.094 | 0.275 | –0.153 | 11.91(3.73) | 12.51(3.63) | –1.239 | 0.128 | –0.163 |
| Putting into Perspective | 13.21(3.81) | 12.69(3.60) | –0.989 | 0.324 | –0.138 | 12.56(3.68) | 13.10(3.62) | –1.115 | 0.217 | –0.147 |
| Catastrophizing | 9.53(3.53) | 10.13(3.56) | 1.217 | 0.225 | 0.170 | 10.01(3.78) | 9.70(3.27) | 0.661 | 0.311 | 0.087 |
| Other-Blame | 8.19(3.29) | 8.87(3.32) | 1.481 | 0.140 | 0.207 | 8.58(3.59) | 8.55(3.05) | 0.058 | 0.026 | 0.009 |
Bolded p-values highlight the stadistical significant results after the Bonfenrroni correction.aFEEL-KJ test (Girls n = 102; Boys n = 109); CERQ tests (Girls n = 108; Boys n = 97).bFEEL-KJ test (9–12 years old n = 118; 13–16 years old n = 115); CERQ tests (9–12 years old n = 118; 13–16 years old n = 109).cCERQ t-tests df = 225; FEEL-KJ t-tests df = 231.