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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jun 2.
Published in final edited form as: Eur Urol. 2019 Jul 9;76(4):482–490. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2019.06.027

Fig. 2 -.

Fig. 2 -

Trends in the International total prevalence of hypospadias among ICBDSR programs with select characteristics using joinpoint regression, 1980–2010. a (A) Among 19 programs with (1) population-based ascertainment, (2) age of ascertainment ≥1 yr, and (3) ascertainment from multiple sources. (B) Among eight programs with (1) population-based ascertainment, (2) age of ascertainment ≥1 yr, (3) ascertainment from multiple sources, and (4) at least 30 yr of data. (C) Results by program, among eight programs with (1) population-based ascertainment, (2) age of ascertainment ≥1 yr, (3) ascertainment from multiple sources, and (4) at least 30 yr of data. ICBDSR= International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research. a Stars indicate joinpoints with statistically significant (p < 0.05) trends.