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. 2020 May 1;219(6):e202002085. doi: 10.1083/jcb.202002085

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© 2020 Melia et al.

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Figure 3. — Autophagosome closure is facilitated by the ESCRT machinery. (A) ESCRT-I components are recruited to the phagophore by an unknown mechanism, followed by recruitment of the filament-forming ESCRT-III components CHMP2A and CHMP4B. In yeast, Atg17 (FIP200) interacts with the ESCRT-III subunit Snf7 (CHMP4), indicating a role for the ULK complex in recruitment of ESCRT-III for phagophore closure. (B) ESCRT-III polymerization leads to filament formation, bringing the leading edge of the phagophore into close apposition to allow membrane fission. (C) Recruitment of the AAA-ATPase VPS4 resolves the fission process and facilitates depolymerization of the ESCRT-III filament structure. ATG8 proteins are also implicated in phagophore elongation and closure, but the mechanisms involved are not clear.