Table 2.
Distribution of demographic/risk factors in primary UGIB stratified by degree of renal function
| Demographic factors | Primary UGIB (n = 398,213) |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| normal renal function (n = 347,245) | CKD (n = 35,985) | ESRD (n = 14,983) | |
| Age >65 years | 209,629 (60*) | 30,071 (83*)* | 8,192 (54*)* |
| Male sex | 173,215 (49.9*) | 19,606 (54.5*)* | 8,289 (55*)* |
| Race | |||
| White | 181,615 (72*) | 18,679 (73*) | 4,433 (40*) |
| Black | 31,876 (13*) | 3,937 (15*)* | 4,239 (38*)* |
| Insurance status | |||
| Medicare | 210,732 (61*) | 29,547 (82*)* | 11,819 (79*)* |
| Medicaid | 25,311 (7*) | 1,502 (4*)* | 1,302 (8.7*)* |
| Private | 78,251 (22*) | 3,930 (11*)* | 1,479 (10*)* |
| Self pay | 20,171 (6*) | 480 (1.3*)* | 166 (1.11*)* |
| No charge/others | 13,727 (3.5*) | 497 (1.4*)* | 197 (1.21*)* |
| Hypertension | 179,916 (52*) | 25,207 (70*)* | 13,639 (91*)* |
| Diabetes mellitus | 80,268 (23*) | 13,916 (38*)* | 7,254 (48*)* |
| Alcohol intake | 33,738 (9.8*) | 1,130 (3*)* | 285 (1.9*)* |
| Smoking | 57,739 (17*) | 3,285 (9*)* | 1,335 (9*)* |
| Platelet abnormalities | 16,230 (4.6*) | 1,907 (5*) | 1,043 (7*)* |
| Cancer | 46,476 (13*) | 4,619 (13*)* | 1,415 (10*)* |
| Coagulation defect | 16,458 (5*) | 2,294 (6.3*)* | 686 (4.5*) |
| CAD | 85,200 (24*) | 14,102 (39*)* | 4,688 (26*)* |
| CVA | 2,891 (0.8*) | 41 (1.2*)* | 146 (0.8*) |
| Anemia | 104,115 (30*) | 13,353 (37*)* | 3,868 (26*)* |
| VTE | 5,384 (1.5*) | 669 (1.9*) | 346 (2.3*)* |
| Atrial fibrillation | 50,860 (15*) | 10,877 (30*)* | 2,298 (15*) |
| Cirrhosis | 27,823 (8*) | 1,907 (5*)* | 986 (6.6*)* |
| Severe sepsis | 1,589 (0.5*) | 276 (0.80*)* | 214 (1.5*)* |
| DIC | 480 (0.14*) | 53 (0.15*) | 59 (0.40*)* |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 16,140 (4.7*) | 3,045 (8.5*)* | 1,690 (11*)* |
| Shock | 14,124 (4*) | 2,346(6.5*)* | 776 (5.2*)* |
| Mechanical ventilation | 7,147 (2*) | 1,114 (3.1*)* | 669 (4.5*)* |
| Discharge destination | |||
| Home | 239,524 (69*) | 18,735 (52*)* | 8,832 (67*)* |
| Hospital | 8,328 (2.4*) | 857 (2.4*) | 9,478 (1.9*)* |
| SNF | 57,805 (16*) | 9,722 (27*)* | 70,636 (21*)* |
| Home care | 27,671 (8*) | 4,935 (13.7*)* | 34,296 (11*)* |
| AMA | 5,439 (1.6*) | 192 (0.5*)* | 5,880 (1.7*) |
| Died | 8,259 (2.4*) | 1,506 (4.2*)* | 10,561 (5.3*)* |
*
p value <0.025 using χ2 test (comparing CKD or ESRD with normal renal function). SNF = Skilled nursing facility; AMA = against medical advice.