Table 3.
Summary of models 1 and 2 and the OR and 95* CI values for primary UGIB hospitalizations in CKD and ESRD patients compared to the non-CKD, non-ESRD group
| Risk factors/interaction termsa | Primary UGIB hospitalizations/CKD |
Primary UGIB hospitalizations/ESRD |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95* CI) | p value | OR (95* CI) | p value | |
| CKD or ESRD | 1.30 (1.17–1.46) | <0.001 | 1.84 (1.61–2.09) | <0.001 |
| Age 50–65 years vs. <50 years | 2.0 (1.96–2.14) | <0.001 | 2.0 (1.98–2.16) | <0.001 |
| Age >65 years vs. <50 years | 2.74 (2.6–2.9) | <0.001 | 2.8 (2.7–2.9) | <0.001 |
| Sex (male vs. female) | 0.64 (0.62–0.66) | <0.001 | 0.65 (0.64–0.67) | <0.001 |
| Race (Afro-American vs. Caucasian) | 1.04 (1.0–1.09) | 0.026 | 1.03 (0.99–1.07) | 0.007 |
| Race (Asian vs. Caucasian) | 1.42 (1.26–1.61) | <0.001 | 1.40 (1.25–1.59) | <0.001 |
| Smoking | 0.95 (0.92–0.99) | 0.011 | 0.96 (0.92–0.99) | 0.028 |
| Alcohol | 1.97 (1.88–2.03) | <0.001 | 1.99 (1.90–2.09) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 1.02 (1.00–1.05) | 0.04 | 0.99 (0.97–1.02) | 0.91 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.96 (0.93–0.98) | 0.003 | 0.95 (0.92–0.97) | <0.001 |
| Thrombocytopenia | 0.88 (0.82–0.93) | <0.001 | 0.87 (0.82–0.93) | <0.001 |
| Coagulation defect | 2.20 (2.1–2.3) | <0.001 | 2.2 (2.1–2.3) | <0.001 |
| CAD | 0.99 (0.95–1.0) | 0.16 | 0.97 (0.94–1.0) | 0.06 |
| CVA | 0.25 (0.23–0.29) | <0.001 | 0.26 (0.23–0.29) | <0.001 |
| Acute anemia | 12.1 (11.5–12.6) | <0.001 | 12.2 (11.612.8) | <0.001 |
| Chronic anemia | 3.17 (2.9–3.35) | <0.001 | 3.1 (2.9–3.3) | <0.001 |
| Cancer | 0.73 (0.69–0.76) | <0.001 | 0.73 (0.69–0.76) | <0.001 |
| Venous thromboembolism | 0.58 (0.53–0.63) | <0.001 | 0.58 (0.54–0.62) | <0.001 |
| Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 1.10 (1.07–1.13) | <0.001 | 1.12 (1.09–1.15) | <0.001 |
| Cirrhosis | 2.54 (2.40–2.69) | <0.001 | 2.56 (2.23–2.60) | <0.001 |
| General surgery | 0.16 (0.14–0.19) | <0.001 | 0.16 (0.14–0.18) | <0.001 |
| Orthopedic surgery | 0.03 (0.02–0.05) | <0.001 | 0.03 (0.02–0.05) | <0.001 |
| Sepsis | 0.29 (0.26–0.33) | <0.001 | 0.29 (0.25–0.33) | <0.001 |
| DIC | 1.08 (0.86–1.35) | 0.50 | 1.08 (0.86–1.36) | 0.48 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 0.94 (0.89–0.97) | 0.003 | 0.92 (0.88–0.96) | 0.001 |
| CHF | 0.78 (0.76–0.80) | <0.001 | 0.76 (0.74–0.89) | <0.001 |
| Insurance status | ||||
| Medicaid vs. medicare | 0.74 (0.70–0.79) | <0.001 | 0.75 (0.71–0.80) | <0.001 |
| Private vs. medicare | 0.91 (0.87–0.94) | <0.001 | 0.92 (0.89–0.96) | <0.001 |
| Self pay vs. medicare | 1.30 (1.19–1.37) | <0.001 | 1.31 (1.22–1.40) | <0.001 |
| CKD or ESRD/age >65 years | 0.92 (0.84–1.0) | <0.001 | 0.83 (0.74–0.93) | 0.002 |
| CKD or ESRD/sex | 1.31 (1.24–1.40) | <0.001 | 1.22 (1.10–1.36) | <0.001 |
| CKD or ESRD/thrombocytopenia | 0.84 (0.72–0.96) | 0.017 | non significant b | |
| CKD or ESRD/coagulation defect | 0.91 (0.78–1.02) | 0.126 | 0.90 (0.71–1.15) | 0.43 |
| CKD or ESRD/CAD | 0.52 (0.45–61) | <0.001 | 0.74 (0.58–0.93) | 0.012 |
| CKD or ESRD/acute anemia | 0.92 (0.84–0.98) | <0.001 | 0.63 (0.57–0.70) | <0.001 |
| CKD or ESRD/chronic anemia | 0.68 (0.59–0.79) | <0.001 | 0.67 (0.49–0.92) | 0.016 |
| CKD or ESRD/atrial fibrillation | 1.12 (1.04–1.20) | 0.001 | non significant b | |
| CKD or ESRD/cirrhosis | 0.63 (0.54–0.73) | <0.001 | 0.91 (0.74–1.11) | 0.39 |
| CKD or ESRD/alcohol | 0.81 (0.67–0.97) | 0.026 | 0.67 (0.47–0.96) | 0.029 |
| CKD or ESRD/hypertension | 0.78 (0.73–0.84) | <0.001 | non significant b | |
| CKD or ESRD/diabetes mellitus | 0.94 (0.88–1.00) | 0.06 | non significant b | |
a
Interaction terms were generated to account for interaction between independent predictors. Only the interaction terms found significantly interacting with each other (at p <0.05) were included in the model. In the above table, only interaction terms with the primary predictor variable CKD or ESRD are reported.
b
Interaction not found significant on univariate analysis with primary predictor variable ESRD, and hence the interaction term was not included in that model.