Table 4.
Summary of models 3 and 4 and OR and 95* CI values for all-cause in-hospital mortality in primary UGIB patients compared to the non-CKD, non-ESRD group
| Risk factors/interaction terms a | Mortality (all-cause)/CKD |
Mortality (all-cause)/ESRD |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95* CI) | p value | OR (95* CI) | p value | |
| CKD or ESRD | 1.47 (1.21–1.78) | <0.001 | 3.02 (2.23–4.1) | <0.001 |
| Age >65 years vs. <65 years | 4.90 (3.60–6.90) | <0.001 | 5.57 (4.1–7.7) | <0.001 |
| Sex (male vs. female) | 0.69 (0.51–0.93) | 0.17 | 0.72 (0.53–0.97) | 0.34 |
| Race (Afro-American vs. Caucasian) | 1.04 (0.88–1.24) | 0.59 | 0.97 (0.82–1.16) | 0.78 |
| Race (Asian vs. Caucasian) | 0.76 (0.53–1.10) | 0.15 | 0.76 (0.52–1.08) | 0.13 |
| Smoking | 0.70 (0.51–0.95) | 0.026 | 0.72 (0.0.53–0.98) | <0.001 |
| Alcohol | 0.98 (0.70–1.38) | 0.9 | 1.04 (1.0.74–1.47) | 0.78 |
| Hypertension | 0.45 (0.36–0.56) | <0.001 | 0.42 (0.0.33–0.51) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.85 (0.73–1.0) | 0.05 | 0.78 (0.68–0.91) | <0.001 |
| Coagulation defect | 3.79 (2.41–5.90) | <0.001 | 3.83 (2.43–6.1) | <0.001 |
| CVA | 1.69 (0.91–3.12) | 0.09 | 1.48 (0.79–2.80) | 0.22 |
| Acute anemia | 0.58 (0.51–0.65) | <0.001 | 0.58 (0.52–0.66) | <0.001 |
| Chronic anemia | 0.31 (0.19–0.48) | <0.001 | 0.31 (0.19–0.49) | <0.001 |
| Cancer | 7.13 (5.24–9.71) | <0.001 | 7.44 (5.46–10.1) | <0.001 |
| VTE | 2.66 (1.60–4.41) | <0.001 | 2.63 (1.58–4.37) | <0.001 |
| Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 1.68 (1.38–2.04) | <0.001 | 1.69 (1.40–2.1) | <0.001 |
| Cirrhosis | 2.59 (1.90–3.53) | <0.001 | 2.60 (1.91–3.55) | <0.001 |
| CHF | 2.32 (1.9–2.76) | <0.001 | 2.33 (1.96–2.77) | <0.001 |
| Sepsis | 22.62 (14.9–34.2) | <0.001 | 21.1 (13.9–31.8) | <0.001 |
| DIC | 41.08 (15.3–109.9) | <0.001 | 36.9 (14.1–96.1) | <0.001 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 33.4 (24.6–45.2) | <0.001 | 33.1 (24.3–44.8) | <0.001 |
| Packed red blood cell transfusion | 1.57 (1.21–2.04) | 0.001 | 1.57 (1.20–2.10) | 0.002 |
| Insurance status | ||||
| Medicaid vs. medicare | 1.26 (0.97–1.65) | 0.08 | 1.32 (1.01–1.72) | 0.04 |
| Private vs. medicare | 0.91 (0.74–1.11) | 0.34 | 0.95 (0.78–1.16) | 0.62 |
| Self pay vs. medicare | 1.24 (0.87–1.77) | 0.22 | 1.28 (0.90–1.83) | 0.16 |
| CKD/diabetes mellitus a | 0.53 (0.35–0.81) | 0.004 | not significant b | |
| ESRD/sex | not significant | 0.54 (0.34–0.86) | 0.01 | |
| ESRD/CVA | not significant | 0.013 (0.001–0.22) | 0.003 | |
a
Interaction terms were generated to account for interaction between independent predictors. Only the interaction terms found significantly interacting with each other (at p <0.05) were included in the model. In the above table, only interaction terms with the primary predictor variable CKD or ESRD are reported.
b
Interaction not found significant on univariate analysis with primary predictor variable ESRD and hence the interaction term was not included in that model.