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. 2020 Jun 2;10:8940. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-65739-x

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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An overview of the 2-back task with thought-sampling probes. In each trial, a filled square is shown in a 3 × 3 matrix. Participants were asked to indicate whether the filled square is located in the same position as it was two trials earlier. At the end of each block, a STOP probe prompted participants to answer three questions about their mental activity right before the probe: whether they were thinking about the task, whether they were in control of (guiding) their thoughts, and how much they tried to concentrate on the task.