Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of genotyped African-American participants from Penn Medicine Biobank stratified by APOL1 risk variant status.
| Characteristic | 0 or 1 copies of APOL1 risk variant (n=1595) |
2 copies of APOL1 risk variants (n=242) |
p value* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean(SD), year | 58.6 (13.9) | 57.4 (12.2) | 0.10 |
| Male sex, n(%) | 747 (46.8) | 125 (51.7) | 0.16 |
| Medical History, n(%) | |||
| Tobacco use** | 837 (52.5) | 117 (48.4) | 0.44 |
| Hypertension | 692 (43.4) | 125 (51.7) | 0.02 |
| ESRD on dialysis | 115 (7.2) | 55 (22.7) | <0.001 |
| Renal transplant | 62 (3.9) | 39 (16.1) | <0.001 |
| HIV | 53 (3.3) | 9 (3.7) | 0.75 |
| Sickle cell | 36 (2.3) | 7 (2.9) | 0.54 |
| Clinical Variables, median (IQR) † | |||
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 130 (121–138) | 131 (122–138) | 0.37 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 76 (72–81) | 77 (71–82) | 0.24 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 32 (27–38) | 32 (27–37) | 0.90 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 12.3 (10.8–13.4) | 12.2 (10.6–13.4) | 0.23 |
| HbA1c††, % | 6.0 (5.5–7.1) | 6.0 (5.6–7.1) | 0.43 |
| Serum creatinine, mg/dL | 1.04 (0.83–1.41) | 1.18 (0.90–2.06) | <0.001 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 79.3 (54.0–101.6) | 67.5 (35.8–95.9) | <0.001 |
Using chi-square test for categorical variables and non-parametric Wilcoxon Rank-Sum for continuous variables.
Using chi-square test for categorical variables and non-parametric Wilcoxon Rank-Sum for continuous variables.
Tobacco use defined as current or former smoker.
Tobacco use defined as current or former smoker.
Median calculated for group from mean values of outpatient measurements for each participant since entry into the biobank until last available visit
Median calculated for group from mean values of outpatient measurements for each participant since entry into the biobank until last available visit
Median HbA1c calculated from subjects with available measurements: n=1182 with 0 or 1 copies of risk variant and n=183 with 2 copies of risk variant
Median HbA1c calculated from subjects with available measurements: n=1182 with 0 or 1 copies of risk variant and n=183 with 2 copies of risk variant
Abbreviations: BMI = body mass index, BP = blood pressure, eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate, ESRD = end stage renal disease, HbA1c = hemoglobin A1c, HIV = human immunodeficiency virus, IQR = interquartile range, SD = standard deviation