Table 1.
Demographics, Clinical Measures, and Covariates.a
| SZ (n = 34) | HC (n = 23) | t/χ2 | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (%male) | 73.5 | 82.6 | 0.642 | 0.423 |
| Age | 28.32 (9.42) | 27.48 (9.63) | −0.330 | 0.743 |
| Socioeconomic statusb | 5.88 (5.06)c | 4.65 (3.97) | 12.849 | 0.303 |
| Smoking (packs per day) | 0.37 (0.49) | 0.18 (0.41) | −1.564 | 0.124 |
| Illness duration (years)d | 15.00 (8.45; n = 12) | |||
| Illness onset (years)d | 22.08 (3.12) | |||
| APD naive (yes/no) | 22/12 | |||
| eTIVe | 1,593.70 (182.36) | 1,658.79 (230.71) | 1.187 | 0.240 |
| SNR | 19.93 (1.98) | 20.50 (2.07) | 1.069 | 0.290 |
| BPRSf | Baseline | Week 6 | ||
| Total | 50.91 (9.65) | 32.50 (10.45) | 7.545 | <0.001 |
| Positive | 10.44 (3.47) | 5.18 (2.41) | 7.277 | <0.001 |
| Negative | 7.44 (3.16) | 5.85 (2.74) | 2.215 | 0.030 |
Note. APD = antipsychotic drugs; BPRS = Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; eTIV = estimated total intracranial volume; HC = healthy controls; SNR = signal to noise ratio; SZ = patients with schizophrenia.
a Mean (standard deviation) unless indicated otherwise.
b Parental socioeconomic ranks determined from Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies (1 to 18 scale); higher rank (lower numerical value) corresponds to higher socioeconomic status.
c Data not available for 2 SZ subjects; n = 32.
d Includes only patients who are not antipsychotic naive (n = 12), illness duration since first diagnosis.
e Estimated total intracranial volume (eTIV) in cm2.
f BPRS (1 to 7 scale); positive (conceptual disorganization, hallucinatory behavior, and unusual thought content); negative (emotional withdrawal, motor retardation, and blunted affect).