| Study | Reason for exclusion | 
|---|---|
| Debus 2004 | STM used as add‐on therapy in the intervention group | 
| Griffiths 1964 | Not a randomised controlled trial | 
| Groppa 2006 | Study on the effect of STM as monotherapy on axonal excitability of cortical neurons in participants with no history of epilepsy | 
| Ingram 1963 | Not a randomised controlled trial | 
| Livingston 1967 | Not a randomised controlled trial | 
| Moffat 1970 | Study assessing the effects of STM on aggressive behaviour in both epileptic and non‐epileptic participants |